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Alma Jeftić u društvu sa našim urednikom Sabahudinom Hadžialićem, Ivanom Rajovićem i Mexhidom Mehmetijem, Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina 2012
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15.2.2014.
Priručnik za narcizam (i male i velike razlike) Narcis – ko je on bio? U grčkoj mitologiji Narcis je bio lovac koji je bio zaljubljen u svoju ljepotu. Bio je sin boga rijeka Cepihissusa i nimfe Liriope. Primijetio ga je Nemesis koji ga je zaveo i doveo do potoka u kojiem je vidio svoj vlastiti odraz. Ne shvatajući da je to njegovo lice, Narcis je umro diveći se ljepoti vlastitog odraza. Mit o Narcisu zapravo je u osnovi narcizma, poremećaja ličnosti koji podrazumijeva fiksaciju na samoga sebe. Narcizam – šta je to? Prema DSM-IV (Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za klasifikaciju mentalnih oboljenja) narcistički poremećaj ličnosti se svrstava među druge specifične poremećaje ličnosti. Kao karakteristike narcističkog poremećaja ličnosti navode se: prenaglašeni doživljaj lične važnosti, odnosno grandiozni doživljaj sebe, nedostatak empatije; pretjerana osjetljivost u odnosu na procjenu drugih; nesposobnost da se voli i nesposobnost za duboka osjećanja; seksualnost je svedena na fizički kontakt i instrumentalizovana; nestabilno raspoloženje; sklonost ka manipulaciji; hronična ovisnost i nisko samopoštovanje. Oto Kernberg (Buzov, 1988.), kao najvažniji teoretičar i praktičar u oblasti narcizma, pravi jasnu distinkciju između normalnog i patološkog narcizma. Normalan narcizam podrazumijeva činjenicu da je svaki čovjek do izvjesne granice zaljubljen u sebe, a potvrdu traži kroz odobravanje drugih. Međutim, osobe s narcističkim poremećajem ličnosti se razlikuju od ostalih u naglašenoj obuzetosti sobom. Oni zapravo ne vole sebe i u sebi nose izrazito nizak stepen samopoštovanja. Narcistički strukturirane ličnosti ne mogu da zadrže pozitivnu sliku o sebi bez neprekidnog „hranjenja” putem pažnje i divljenja drugih ljudi. Prema drugim ljudima osjećaju mržnju zbog vlastite ovisnosti od njih. Drugi ljudi bivaju tretirani kao objekti i imaju isključivo funkciju kao obožavatelji. Osobe s narcističkim poremećajem ličnosti su šarmantne prema drugima ukoliko očekuju neku uslugu ili na neki drugi način bivaju ovisni od njih, ali čim je cilj ostvaren, oni postaju nemirni u društvu te osobe. Odnos narcističkih ličnosti sa drugim ljudima je eksploatatorski, iako može da bude maskiran ispod atraktivne površine. Ovakve osobe imaju veliki kapacitet da privuku druge ljude, često imaju određene talente i sposobnosti, najčešće u oblasti koje obezbjeđuju njihovu ambiciju da izazovu divljenje i aplauz drugih. Kada se razočaraju u druge ili budu napušteni, odnosno kada dožive narcističku povredu, na površini pokazuju depresivne manifestacije, ali se ispod njih pojavljuje ljutnja i mržnja sa naglašenim osvetoljubivim željama. Opisana su dva suprotna klinička oblika narcizma. Rosenfeldovi narcissi (Jovanović, 2002) “debele” i “tanke” kože prema terminologiji Gabbarda nazivaju se neosjetljivim i hiper osjetljivim. Neosjetljivi narcisi nemaju razumijevanja za tuđe osjećaje i svojom arogantnom i sebičnom okrutnošću gaze preko leševa. Ponašaju se pompozno i egzibicionistički. Hiper osjetljivi tipovi su stidljivi, inhibirani i usmjereni na sebe u svojoj ranjivosti na odbacivanje i kritiku. Prema Millonu postoje četiri tipa narcisa: neprincipijelni-beskrupulozni, što bi išao u Gabbardovu terminologiju debele kože; kompenzatorni, ljubavni, histronski. Kompenzacijska varijanta ima bitna obilježja psihoanalitičkog shvaćanja narcisoidne osobnosti. Rana iskustava kod narcisa nisu previše različita od onih kao kod izbjegavajućeg poremećaja osobnosti. Neprincipijelni tipovi postižu uspjeh u društvu iskorištavanjem pravne granice zakonitosti. Neki su oportunisti i druge ljude su iskoristili za vlastitu korist. Osvetoljubivom zahvalnošću često dobivaju mogućnost da dominiraju drugima, dobivaju povjerenje od drugih, a zatim ih iskoriste. Njihov stav je da oni koji se mogu iskoristiti to zaslužuju. Budući da su usredotočeni na svoje vlastite interese, narcisi su ravnodušni za istinu. Ako su suočeni, oni će se vjerojatno prikazati sa opravdanjem i ukazivati na nevinosti, negirati negativno ponašanje kroz pristojnost i uljudnost. Zašto gledamo samo površinu? Nekada samo djelovati nije dovoljno. Potrebno je djelovati ka i prema ljudima... Nekada (ili bolje reći, skoro nikada) nismo svjesni ko sjedi sa naše suprotne strane. Zašto u doba nemira pričati o narcizmu? Zašto razgovarati o malim i velikim razlikama? Baš zato jer postoje... I baš zato što smo ih nesvjesni. Nesvjesno svjesni i svjesno nesvjesni, bolje reći. One su tu, u nama, i svaki put kada pogledamo svoj odraz prijeti nam neka opasnost. Nekada nije dovoljno pogledati u potok da bismo zavoljeli ono što vidimo. Ali je zato potrebno pogledati u duboki okean da bismo shvatili koliko još toga ima ispod površine. Principijelno-beskrupulozni ili bilo kakvi, okružuju nas... Posvuda se kreću prema nama, i od nas... I to nije pitanje malih ili velikih razlika. Pitanje je dubine pogleda koji nas tjera da ostanemo na istom mjestu za sva vremena ili da se krećemo ka drugim dubinama. Nekada instinkti pomažu. A nekada stvari treba prepustiti pogledu. I psihologiji... Bar na trenutak... Zažmiriti ispod površine. 
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Manual for Narcissism (and Small and Big Differences) Narcissus – Who Was He? In Greek mythology, Narcissus was a hunter who was renowned for his beauty. He was the son of a river god named Cephissus and a nymph named Liriope. Nemesis noticed and attracted Narcissus to a pool, wherein he saw his reflection and fell in love with it, not realizing it was merely an image. Unable to leave the beauty of his reflection, Narcissus died. Narcissus is the origin of the term narcissism, a fixation with oneself. Narcissism – What is it? According to the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Classification of Mental Disorders) narcissistic personality disorder is among other specific personality disorders. Characteristics of narcissistic personality disorder are: exaggerated importance of personal experience, or the grand experience of self, lack of empathy, excessive sensitivity in relation to the assessment of others, inability to love and the inability of deep feelings, sexuality is reduced to physical contact and instrumental, unstable mood, a tendency towards manipulation; chronic dependency and low self-esteem. Otto Kernberg (Buzov, 1988), as the most important theorist and practitioner in the field of narcissism, makes a clear distinction between normal and pathological narcissism. Normal narcissism implies that every man is to some extent self-absorbed, and seeks confirmation through the approval of others. However, people with narcissistic personality disorder are different from others in the stressed obsession with themselves. They actually do not love themselves and carry very low level of self-esteem. Narcissistic structured personality can not maintain a positive image of themselves without continuous "feeding" through the attention and admiration of others. They feel towards the other people because of their dependence on them. Other people are being treated as objects and have only function as fans. People with narcissistic personality disorder are charming to others if they expect their help or assistance, and/or they have been addicted to other people in some other way, but as soon as the goal was achieved, they become restless in front of these people. The relationship of narcissistic personality with other people is exploitative, although it may be masked beneath the attractive surface. These people have a great capacity to attract other people, often have certain talents and abilities, often in areas that provide their ambition to challenge the admiration and applause of others. When they are disappointed in the other or being abandoned, or when experiencing narcissistic injury, depressive manifestations are visible on the surface, but beneath them appears anger and hatred, with prominent vengeful desires . Two opposite forms of clinical narcissism are described. Rosenfeld's narcissi (Jovanovic, 2002) with "thick" and "thin" skin are called insensitive and hyper-sensitive according to Gabbard's terminology. Insensitive narcissus has no understanding for the feelings of others and her/his arrogant and selfish cruelty trample over corpses. They act pompous and exhibitionist. Hyper-sensitive types are shy, inhibited and self-directed in their vulnerability to criticism and rejection. According to Millon, there are four types of narcissi: unprincipled- unscrupulous (thick skin), compensatory, love, histrionic. Compensatory variant has the essential characteristics of the psychoanalytic understanding of narcissistic personality. Early experiences with the narcissi are not too different from those of avoidant personality disorder. Unprincipled types achieve success in society, taking advantage of the legal boundaries of legality. Some are opportunistic and use other people for their own benefit. They often get the opportunity to dominate others due to their ability for vengeful gratitude, gaining the trust of others, and then (ab)using them. Their attitude is that those who can take advantage of it also deserved it. Because they are focused on their own interests, narcissi are indifferent to the truth. If they are confronted, they will likely show the justification and indicate innocence, negate the negative behavior through courtesy and politeness. Why Do We Perceive Only Surface? Acting is usually not enough. It is necessary to act towards the people ... Sometimes (or rather, almost never) we are not aware of who is sitting in front of us. Why should we talk about narcissism in times of turmoil? Why should we talk about small and big differences? Just because they exist ... And just because we are unaware of them. Unconsciously conscious and unconscious consciously, it is better to say. They are there, in us, and every time you look at your reflection you can be threaten by some danger. It is not enough to stare at the creek in order to love what we see. But it is necessary to stare into the deep ocean in order to realize how much exists under the surface. Unprincipled-unscrupulous or any surround us ... They are moving towards us, and from us everywhere... And it is not a question of small or big differences. We may question the deep gaze which compels us to stay in the same place for all time or to move to other depths. Sometimes instincts help. And sometimes things should be left to gaze. And psychology ... At least for a moment ... We should close our eyes beneath the surface. | ||||||||
VILLA AMIRA, Street Ante Starčevića 33,
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LP vinyl sell from Bosnia and Herzegovinahttp://lpvinyl.weebly.com/
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08.10.2013.
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P(r)opis u statističkom bunaru
I tako... Prolazi i ta euforija. Popisali smo se, ili ćemo tek, zavisi kako kod koga... I to sve: od vodovoda do kanalizacije, prevoznog sredstva, primanja od prošle godine, nacionalne i etničke pripadnosti, stručne spreme, itd., itd. Ne znam samo šta je još ostalo. Zapravo znam, ali ne vidim razlog zbog kojeg bih to pominjala sada. Uglavnom, popis... I zašto sada toliko uzbune oko svega toga? Kako se izjasniti, šta prekrižiti, šta dopisati, šta upisati... Tamo negdje nekom je to jako bitno. Ustvari, nije bitan taj pojedinac, mali čovjek koji će reći ono što mu se kaže, bitna je konačna slika. A taj isti pojedinac, pri svemu tome, uopće ne razmišlja da će istog tog trenutka biti zaboravljen kao što je i nestao u statistici. Progutala ga statistika. Ali nema veze, bitno je da je on/ona postupio/postupila prema naređenju. Nije bitno što se ono ne smatra naređenjem nego dobronamjernim upozorenjem. I nije bitno što je ispiranje mozga na djelu. Ne, ništa više nije bitno... Pitanje je: šta slijedi? Šta će proizaći iz svih tih statistika možda je i manje bitno, ali način na koji će se tumačiti (ili još bolje, na koji se neće tumačiti) daleko je važniji. Sama situacija priziva politologe, sociologe, psihologe i ostale „inžinjere“ društvene tehnologije da se odazovu i opišu, dočaraju, predoče, izmjere, brojkama i slovima iskažu gdje se nalazimo sada i koliko je to udaljeno od nečeg. Šta je to nešto, niko ni ne pominje. A i zašto bi, jer jednom otkriti sve što se treba učiniti nekako briše sa scene sve filozofe društvenog uma. Ali ni to nije pitanje ove rubrike. Pitanje je sljedeće: Koliko je potrebno da onaj pojedinac sa početka rubrike shvati da je samo kap u statističkom bunaru? I koliko će još godina proći prije nego što uoči da umire od žeđi pored tog istog bunara u kojem se utopio? Neko će reći da su to trivijalna pitanja, neko da su isuviše poetska, a neko da su u potpunosti nepotrebna. Ali bez obzira na to, ona će negdje ostati. I bit će još jedna kap, ali ipak drugačija. Jer su ona ipak došla od sebe i po sebi, ne predstavljajući pri tome neku drugu datost i društvenu tehnologiju. Ona su tu da razjasne toj maloj kapljici da samo svojom voljom i umom može doprinijeti. Jedna mala kaplja se odvojila i pala u statistički bunar. Ali ona pri tome nije nestala, nego je ostavila samo svoju boju i trag. Mali za sada, ali jedinstven. Ipak se ovdje radi samo o popisu, a ne p(r)opisu. I zbog toga i ova rubrika ima čudan kraj. Nep(r)opisno čudan. I poseban. Bar za sada.
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Census/Regulation in Statistical Well
So... The euphoria ended. The census is done, or it will be, it depends… And it included everything, from the water to the sewer, transportation, last year income, national and ethnic origin, qualifications, etc., etc. I do not know what is left. In fact I know, but I see no reason why I should mention it now. Basically, the census ... Why are we all so upset about it? How to declare, what should be crossed, what should be recorded, what should be filled in ... It is important to someone somewhere. In fact, an individual, a small man who will say what he was told to say is not important at the end. And this same individual does not even think that he will be forgotten as he disappeared in the statistics. Statistics will swallow him. But never mind, it is essential that he/she obeyed the rules. It is not considered as an order but as a well-intentioned warning, but it does not matter at all. Brainwashing is at work, but it still does not matter. No, nothing is important ... The question is: what next? What will result from all these statistics may be less important, but the way it will be interpreted (or better yet, that will not be interpreted) is far more important. The very situation evokes political scientists, sociologists, psychologists and other "engineers" of social technology to respond to and describe, illustrate, present, survey, and indicate in numbers and letters where we are now and how much it is away from something. What is “something” that no one not even mentioned. And it should not even be discovered, since once discovered it will just remove from the scene all the philosophers of the social mind. But that is not the question of this column. The question is this: How much is needed for individual from the beginning of this column to realize that he/she is only a drop in the statistical well? And how many more years to pass before he/she understands that he/she is dying of thirst beside the same well in which he/she was drowned? Someone will say that these are trivial questions, some that are too poetic, and some that are completely unnecessary. But regardless, these questions will be written somewhere, and it will be another drop, but still different. Because it came away by itself, not by representing another fixture and social technology. These questions are there to clarify that small droplets can contribute only by its own will and mind. One small drop separated and fell into a statistical well. But it has not disappeared, since it has left its color and trace. Small for now, but unique. However, this is only about the census, not about the regulation. And because of that, this column has a weird end. Improperly weird. And special. At least for now.
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12.7.2013.
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Mnemoničke bitke na Balkanu
Narativ za Evropu i ostatak svijeta “Evropa danas ne zna šta znade i pojma nema šta hoće. Evropa je danas rafinirano bezglava: s jedne strane pametna kao maska protiv otrovnih plinova, s druge slijepa kao staromodna lumbarda, a istodobno izazovna kao nekakav velegradski izlog, pun raznovrsnog i skupocijenog besmisla”. (Miroslav Krleža) Ovo ċe biti jedna od onih rubrika koje nije moguċe napisati a da se ne započne sa opisom nedavnog doživljaja autorice. Stoga neka izvinu svi oni koji smatraju kako za to nema mjesta u ovom tekstu, ali prethodno neka ipak pročitaju do kraja, možda im se i smisao i veza same otkriju… Još jedan od onih dana kada nakon ispita u Beogradu šetam Knez Mihajlovom i razmišljam šta raditi do polaska autobusa za Sarajevo. I tako, uvijek na isti način, nađem se u nekoj od knjižara gdje pokušavam u moru (ili bolje reċi “okeanu”) literature iz “popularne” psihologije pronaċi nešto što bi bar podsjeċalo na stručnu literaturu. Dok pogledom prelazim preko polica sa kojih mi se smiješe samo “nijanse sive”, čujem pitanje koje je jedna od potencijalnih kupaca i ljubitelja knjige uputila zaposlenici knjižare: “Imate li možda monografiju stare Jugoslavije?” Možda zbog naglaska na onom “stare” ili jednostavno zbog načina na koji je postavljeno pitanje bila sam primorana prekinuti ionako bezuspješnu potragu za stručnom literaturom i počela neprimjetno pratiti dalji tok razgovora. Zaposlenica se u tom trenutku sa zbunjenim izrazom lica okrenula prema gospodinu u zrelijim godinama (da se politički korektno izrazim) i pitala ga: “A da li mi imamo neku monografiju stare Jugoslavije?” Odgovor se sastojao od jednog neverbalnog čina slijeganja ramenima i izraza lica koji je podsjećao na kombinaciju gađenja, podrugljivosti i tuge. Čemu ovaj uvod? Vjerovatno zbog toga što je samo jedan od brojnih primjera kako sjećanja djeluju na ljude. Zapravo, sjećanja i postoje prvo na individualnom nivou, ali ono što je neophodno spomenuti jeste da ih je u potpunosti nemoguće odvojiti od društvenog miljea u kojem se razvijaju, nastaju i prenose kroz generacije. Prema Zerubavelu, mnemoničke bitke se vode oko toga koji događaji se trebaju pamtiti a koji zaboravljati, ali i oko toga na koji način treba pamtiti određene događaje, kako bi se na “korektan” način interpretirala prošlost. Na taj način se određuje i koje ċe se knjige štampati, koje monografije ċemo imati na policama u knjižarama, koje spomenike ċemo podizati i koje memorijale organizirati. To možda i ne bi predstavljalo toliki problem da danas ne postoji toliko različitih narativa koji kruže Balkanom, zaustavljaju se u redovima monografija i historijskih udžbenika koje ili niko ne čita ili ih čitaju samo oni koji moraju i interpretiraju ih pri tome onako kako im je rečeno. Jer ljudi, da bi zadovoljili želju za kognitivnom bliskošċu, mentalno transformiraju protok manje ili više nestrukturiranih događaja u relativno koherentne narative (Zerubavel, 2003). Na taj način kompletno lično iskustvo biva podređeno jednom kolektivnom narativu koji u tom trenutku preovladava u određenoj grupi i na određenom prostoru. Sve ovo ne bi bilo toliko značajno da se dugi niz godina nisu vodile krvave bitke baš zbog tih narativa stvorenih s ciljem (a kakav je to samo paradoks) postizanja kognitivne bliskosti i koherentnosti sa grupom. Mnemoničke bitke koje trenutno razaraju Balkan jasan su primjer kako sjeċanja mogu postati destruktivna. I, što je posebno značajno napomenuti, na isti način na koji nastaju – na individualnom nivou – postaju i destruktivna: prvo uništavaju pojedinca, zatim grupu kojoj ona/on pripada, a zatim i širu okolinu. Ukoliko znatiželjni čitalac očekuje savjet ili, još bolje, instant recept kako organizirati sjeċanja na Balkanu, neka se ne nada previše. Onako kako nastaju, tako se i razvijaju. Iz nas, od nas, prema drugima, prema drugačijima, prema sličnim, dragim i ne tako dragim… Iako širokih razmjera, naše bitke počinju u nama i od nas. Zato ċe i naredni tekst biti posveċen nama, ali i svima onima koji pokušavaju shvatiti uzrok, tok i cilj mnemoničkih bitki na Balkanu. A ova rubrika ċe završiti lično, kako je i počela – jednim stihom autorice. Možda se za njega nekada nađe mjesto u monografiji Sjeċanja koja neċe služiti samo kao suvenir za zbunjene “prodavače” beletristike: “… I zato, Stranče, što poljima hodiš ovim, Ne bacaj u pepeo potamnjela srebra, Zamisli se nad mrkim kamom tim, Jer ovdje su Sjeċanja dalja i od prvog Rebra.”
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Mnemonic Battles in the Balkans
Narrative for Europe and for the Rest of the World "Europe still does not know what it knows and does not know what it wants. Europe today is refined headless: on the one hand as smart as mask against toxic gases, on the other dead as an old-fashioned lumbard and challenging at the same time as a metropolitan showcase, full of diversity and precious nonsense." (Miroslav Krleža) This will be one of those columns that cannot be written without a description of authoress recent experience. Therefore let excuse all those who believe that there is no place for personal stories in this column, but first let them read to the end, so maybe they can feel and detect the connection ... It was one of those days when after the exam in Belgrade, I was walking down the Knez Mihajlo street trying to do something while waiting for bus for Sarajevo. And so, always in the same way, I found myself in one of the bookstores where I was trying to find something that at least resembled serious scientific literature in psychology (since I was surrounded by “see”, or better to say “ocean” made of “popular” psychology books). While my gaze was moving over the shelves from which one could only see smiling faces of "shades of gray", I heard the question, asked by one lady: "Do you have a monograph of the old Yugoslavia?" Perhaps because of the emphasis on that "old" or simply because of the way the question was asked I was forced to interrupt the already unsuccessful search for literature and I began to seamlessly follow the further flow of conversation. Employee (younger woman) asked (with a confused expression on her face) gentleman in relatively mature age (to be politically correct): "Do we have a monograph of the old Yugoslavia?" The answer consisted of one non-verbal act of shrugging shoulders and facial expressions that reminded of a combination of disgust, mockery and sadness. Why this introduction? Probably because it is just one of many examples of how memories affect people. In fact, memories exist at the individual level firstly, but what is necessary to mention is that it is completely impossible to separate it from the social milieu in which it is developed, created and transmitted through the generations. According to Zerubavel, mnemonic battles are both over what events should be remembered and what events should be forgotten, but also about how these events should be remembered in order to interpret the past in a “correct” way. Thus determines which books should be printed, which monographs should be placed on the shelves in bookstores, which monuments should be raised and what kind of memorials should be organized. It may not have been a big problem to date if such a huge number of different narratives that circulate Balkans do not have been existing for a while. These narratives are presented in the historical monographs and textbooks which nobody reads or which are read only by those who must read and interpret them in a way they were told to do so. In order to satisfy their desire for cognitive closure, people tend to mentally transform the flow of more or less unstructured events in relatively coherent narratives (Zerubavel, 2003). In this way, a complete personal experience becomes subordinate to a collective narrative that at the moment prevails in a particular group in a particular area. All this would not be so significant that for many years have not led to bloody battles just because of these narratives created in order to (what a paradox) achieve cognitive closure and coherence within the group. Mnemonic battles that are currently destroying the Balkans are a clear example of how memories can become destructive. And, what is particularly significant to note, in the same way that memories arise - at the individual level - they become destructive: first destroying the individual, then the group that she/he belongs to, and then the wider environment. If the curious reader expects advice or instant recipe how to organize memories in the Balkans, let's not expect too much. Memories occur in the same way in which they develop. From us, of us, to others, to those who are different, to the similar, precious and not so precious ... Although large-scale event, our battle begins in us and from us. Therefore next column will be dedicated to us, but to all those who are trying to figure out the cause, course and objective of mnemonic battles in the Balkans. And this text will end up personally, as it had begun – by one verse of the authoress. Maybe one day it will find a place in the Monograph of Memories that will not only serve as a souvenir for the confused "sellers" of popular literature: “… You, Stranger, who over these fields walk Do not throw tarnished silvers in the ash Ponder over that dark stone Since memories here beyond the first Rib exist.” | ||||||||
4.6.2013.
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Društvena amnezija
Svima koji se sjećaju Postoji razlika između pamćenja i sjećanja, i ona je svima jasna. Također, postoji razlika i između sjećanja i načina na koji se određeni detalji, momenti i datumi, prizivaju iz sjećanja. Ipak, uloga zaboravljanja u svemu tome nije u potpunosti jasna. Posebno ukoliko se radi o kolektivnom zaboravljanju, ili o zaboravljanju od strane jedne grupe. Često je način na koji se nešto zaboravlja znatno važniji od samog načina prisjećanja na isti događaj. „Muzej nevinosti“, knjiga koja je postala muzej ili muzej koji je postao knjiga naracijom odaje počast jednoj emociji koja nikada ne umire, nego ponovno oživljava samim pogledom na predmete koje je nekada posjedovala i/ili dodirnula voljena osoba. Na taj način sam čin prisjećanja postaje nesto sveto, smješteno u neki novi prostor i vrijeme, ali ipak dovoljno snažno da oživi i uspomene. Prema Merleau-Pontyu, muzeji (i čitaonice) stvaraju lažnu savjest, ali, kada ih posmatramo kao podsjetnike na ono što je bilo i što ne želimo i/ili ne trebamo i/ili ne smijemo zaboraviti tada oni postaju i nešto mnogo više i jače od same savjesti. Prije toga, potrebno je naglasiti razliku između tri gore navedena termina: - ne želimo zaboraviti nešto – poput „Muzeja nevinosti“, vječni spomenik vječnoj ljubavi na koju uspomena uvijek živi (isključivo voljom onog koji je zaljubljen); - ne trebamo zaboraviti nešto – uvjerili smo sami sebe da je nešto vrijedno da ga zatvorimo u vlastiti Muzej sjećanja, ili, neko drugi nas je u to uvjerio (što ne predstavlja idealnu situaciju); - ne smijemo zaboraviti nešto – poput prethodnog obrazloženja, sasvim je uredu ukoliko smo sami tako odlučili, prema vlastitoj savjesti, i ne zbog drugih i društvenog pritiska. Zbog čega je sve ovo potrebno? Ma kako razmišljali, cijeli je život satkan od sjećanja. Uspomene, prisjećanja i obilježavanja istih oblikuju naš život, živote ljudi oko nas i naš odnos prema drugim ljudima. Bez obzira na to da li se prisjećamo prošlih ljubavi, prošlih bitaka i prošlih stradanja, naš odnos prema svemu tome obilježit će jedno od tri moguća razloga (ne)zaboravanja: ne želim, ne trebam ili ne smijem. Ipak, moramo pomenuti da je uloga drugih u tom procesu najvažnija. Zbog toga sjećanje kao proces treba i mora početi u nama, zbog nas i situacija bitnih nama. Ukoliko smo mi odlučili da nešto moramo zadržati u našem pamćenju, onda to isto moramo i obilježiti na pravi način, dati mu odgovarajuće ime i kao takvog/takvu otgrnuti od zaborava zauvijek. Jer je nama važno, kao što je Kemalu bilo važno sačuvati preko 4200 opušaka cigareta. I samo on zna zbog čega. I kroz tu emociju, uvjerio je i nas ostale. Zbog čega je važno voljeti. Zato i u svijetu u kojem je, na žalost, mnogo više loših stvari kojih se prisjećamo nego onih dobrih i lijepih, trebamo za to imati prvenstveno svoj lični razlog. I objasniti to sebi. Zbog sebe. Tako će se kroz individualno, stvoriti i kolektivno sjećanje. Pa neka kažu da to nije moguće. Ali jeste. Za nas i u uz nas. Za Evropu (i ostatak planete) koji se guše od sjećanja. Preciznije, sjećanja nikada ne guše. Samo ljudi koji se sjećaju iz pogrešnih razloga. I ne znaju da ti isti razlozi vode samo ka zaboravljanju. Zaboravljanju kroz patnju. Prema tome, jedan mali vodič za sjećanja za Evropu (i ostatak planete): Bez obzira sjećali se jučerašnje kiše, prve ljubavi, rata, nevino stradalih – činite to prvenstveno zbog sebe. Izgradite svoj lični muzej za sve one koji su vam važni i koje želite sačuvati od zaborava zauvijek. I ne dozvolite nepozvanim gostima da lutaju vašim ličnim Muzejom. A oni koje ipak pustite, neka paze da ne budu preglasni. Jer sjećanja su sveta. I ne smijemo ih ometati.
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Social Amnesia
To all who remember There is a difference between memory and rememberance, and it is clear to everyone. Also, there is a difference between memory and the ways in which certain details, moments and dates, invoke the memories. However, the role of forgetting is not entirely clear. Especially if we are thinking of collective forgetting, or group forgetting. The way in which something is forgotten is often much more important than the ways of remembering the same event. "The Museum of Innocence", a book that has become a museum or a museum which became the book honors one emotion that never dies, but comes back to life by watching the things that were once owned and/or touched by a loved one. In this way, the act of remembering becomes something sacred, located in a new space and time, but still strong enough to revive memories. According to Merleau-Ponty, museums (and libraries) create a false conscience, but when we consider them as a reminder of what was and what we do not want and/or should not and/or may not forget then they become something stronger than the conscience. Prior to this, it is necessary to emphasize the difference between the three above-mentioned terms: - we do not want to forget something – like in the novel "Museum of Innocence", rememberance is an eternal monument to eternal love that keeps still alive (only due to the will of the one who is in love); - we should not forget something - we have convinced ourselves that something is worth to be closed in the museum of our own memories, or someone else convinced us (which is not an ideal situation); - we may not forget something - like the previous explanation, it is correct if we decided to remember something by ourselves, according to our own conscience, and not for others and social pressure. Why is all this necessary? Regardless of our personal opinion, the whole life is built of memories. Memories, remembering and commemorations shape our lives, the lives of people around us and our relationship with other people. Regardless of whether you remember a past love, past battles and past sufferings, your attitude towards all of this will mark one of three possible reasons for rememberance or forgetting: I do not want to forget, I should not forget, I may not forget. However, we noted that the role of others in this process is the most important. Because of this memory as a process should and must start within us, for us and for the situation that is important to us. If we decided to remember something, then we must do the same and mark it, give it a proper name, and separate it from oblivion forever. It is important to us, such as it was important for Kemal to preserve over 4200 cigarette butts. And only he knew why. And through that emotion, he convinced the rest of us. Why it is important to love. Because in a world where, unfortunately, we remember more bad things than good, we need to do it primarily for our personal reasons. And to explain it to ourselves. Because of us. It will start as the individual memory that can create collective memory. And some people say that it is not possible. But it is. For us and with us. For Europe (and the rest of the planet), which is burden by memories. Specifically, one can never be burden by memories. Only people who remember for the wrong reasons. And they do not know that the same reasons only lead to forgetting. Forgetting through the suffering. Accordingly, here is a small guide for rememberance for Europe (and the rest of the planet): No matter whether you memorized yesterday's rain, the first love, war, innocent victims – just do it primarily for yourselves. Build your personal museum for all those who are important to you and those you want to preserve from oblivion forever. And do not let uninvited guests to wander through your personal museum. And remind those who are in not to be too loud. Because memories are sacred. And no one would dare to annoy them.
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1.4.2013.
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(Ne)stvarnost vremena
Čitaoče, ovo nije prvoaprilska šala! McTaggart se među prvim analitičkim filozofima bavio problemom protoka vremena. Tako je u svom radu predložio dvije "vremenske serije". Prva serija, ili A serija, određuje događaj prema njegovom odnosu sa prošlošću, sadašnjošću i budućnošću, dok B serija zanemaruje upućivanje na prošlost i budućnost, te prihvata samo „ranije od“ i „prije nego“. Ipak, i sam McTaggart se bez obzira na svoja promišljanja o dvije serije slaže sa idejom „nestvarnosti vremena“. Ono što je u jednom trenu sadašnjost, u drugom je prošlost, a ta ista prošlost, u istom trenu, može biti nečija budućnost. I tako redom... Nestvarno u stvarnosti. O vremenu se često razgovara. Tačnije, o tome kako brzo protiče. Tako na primjer dobijete pozivnicu za proslavu desete godišnjice mature. I onda ne možete da vjerujete da je prošlo već deset godina kako ste završili srednju školu, gimnazijalske klupe zamijenili nekim drugim, a dotadašnje brige uvećali. Iako se ovo posljednje u tom trenutku doimalo nestvarnim, jer ta tačka u vremenu nije bila u stanju pojmiti kako ono što smo imali do tada može postati dječija igra za ono što tek slijedi... A to je sada pitanje B serije, „ranije od“ i „prije nego“. Ipak, najsurovija istina je da vremepolov ne postoji (bar ne u javnosti). I samim tim, ostaje nam da se pripremamo za ono što će biti, dok sređujemo ono što je sada. Pamćenje, ma koliko podrazumijevalo kognitivne procese, zapravo je socijalna kategorija. I sada ću dozvoliti sebi da, u skladu sa prethodno navedenim, „iskrivim“ Sada u skladu sa Nekad, pa uživam u smjeni kiše i sunca (jer je potpuno isto vrijeme bilo i prije deset godina), teškoj torbi koju nosim (jer su u njoj i dalje knjige, malo drugačije, ali i dalje knjige), i tastaturi s kojom se i dalje družim (jer sam to radila i tada, ali u druge svrhe). Onda ostaje samo još jedno pitanje: Šta se promijenilo? Neke stvari su, baš kao i neka pitanja, pogrešno postavljene. U ovom slučaju, pitanje treba postaviti drugačije: Šta smo učinili da bi neke stvari bile drugačije? Kada se o tome raspravlja, izgleda da je problem vremena najizraženiji. Ono što je Sada iznenada postaje Bit će, a ono što Bi Trebalo Biti, postaje Bilo Je. I tako u krug. Izgleda kao da vrijeme ne teče, nego kruži. Zbog toga i ne možemo da pronađemo razliku. Gdje god krenuli, vratimo se u onu istu tačku. Samo u ovom slučaju sa malo više sijedih vlasi i još više izgovora. Daleko od toga da smo se i mi kretali u krugu. Prije bih mogla reći – mi smo stavljeni u krug. Sada je na nama da odaberemo svoju putanju – kružnu, horizontalnu ili vertikalnu. U svakom slučaju, svaka je bolja od ponavljanja starih i već utvrđenih. Jer historija nas je naučila da one, iako provjerene, nisu donijele ništa dobro. Bar ne generaciji koja je prije deset godina završila srednju, a prije četrnaest osnovnu školu. Ako je na nama da razbijemo krug u koji smo ubačeni, onda vrijeme više ništa ne znači. Od nekad do sad, Evropa je i dalje daleko. Ali mi smo još uvijek tu. I dobro utabana kružna staza bi trebala biti prekinuta, ako ni zbog čega drugog, onda zbog onih koji će za narednih deset godina obilježavati dvadeset godina mature. Zbog nas i zbog vremena – da više nikada ne ponovimo isti krug. Zvuči egoistično, ali je naše – da više ne ponavljamo tuđe greške, ali i da ne prebacujemo odgovornost na one koji će tek doći. Sretna nam godišnjica mature i sve ono što smo bili, što jesmo i što ćemo tek biti, bez obzira koju vremensku seriju podržavali. Jer Evropi je svejedno. Ona definitivno ne ovisi o vremenu. Ali nije ni tačka na kružnici.
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(Un)reality of time
Dear reader, this is not an April Fool's Day joke! McTaggart is one of the first analytical philosophers who addressed the question of the flow of time. So in his work he suggested two "time series". According to the first series, or A series, the event is determined by its relation to the past, present and future, while the B series ignores the reference to the past and future, and accepts only "earlier than" and "before than". However, McTaggart, regardless of his reflections on the two series agreed with the idea of "unreality of time." That what was at one point the present, in the second point becomes the past, and the same past, at the same moment, may be somebody's future. And so on ... Unreality in reality. The time is often discussed. More specifically, its flow is discussed. For example, you receive an invitation for the graduation anniversary. And then you cannot believe that ten years passed since you have completed high school, since you have replaced high schools’ desks by some other desks, since you have increased former worries. Although the latter seemed unreal at that moment, since in that point of time one was not able to understand that what we had until then can become a peace of cake for what is yet to come ... But that is now a question of B series, "earlier than" and "before than". However, the cruel truth is that time machine does not exist (at least not in public). And therefore, we are left to prepare for what will be, while dealing with what now is. Memory is a social category, regardless of cognitive processes it implies. And now I shall allow myself to, in accordance with the abovementioned, "distort" Now according to the Past, and to enjoy rain and sun (because it is exactly the same time it was a decade ago), to carry heavy bags (because books are still in it, a little different, but still the books), and a keyboard that is still my colleague (because I used it then, but for other purposes). Then there is only one more question: What has changed? Some things are just like some questions – asked and set incorrectly. In this case, the question should be asked differently: What have we done to make some things different? When discussing about it, it seems that the most prominent problem is time. What is Now suddenly becomes Will Be and that what Should Be, suddenly becomes It Was. Over and over again. In circle. It seems as if time does not flow, but it circulates. Therefore we cannot find the difference. Wherever we go, we are moved back to that same point. But in this case, with a few more gray hairs and more excuses. It is not true that we have been moving in circle. Before I could say - we have been placed in a circle. Now it is up to us to choose our path - a circular, horizontal or vertical. In any case, each is better than repeating old and already established. Because history has taught us that the latter, although checked, did not bring anything good. At least not to the generation that finished high school ten years ago, and elementary school fourteen years ago. If it is up to us to break the cycle in which we have been placed, then the time means nothing. From Past to Now, Europe is still far away. But we are still here. And well known circular path should be stopped, if for no other reason, then for those who will celebrate twenty years of high school graduations ten years after Now. For us and for the time – since we should never repeat the same circle. It sounds egotistic, but it is ours promise – not to repeat the mistakes of others, but also not to shift the responsibility to the new generations. Happy anniversary and all that we were, we are and what we shall be, no matter what time series we decided to support. Because Europe does not matter. It definitely does not depend on time. And obviously it is not a dot on circle.
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08.2.2013.
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Jedan trenutak, jedna definicija
Nedavno su me pitali kako ja definiram pomirenje. I nije se očekivao poetski odgovor. Zapravo, mislim da nisu očekivali odgovor uopće. Nekako izgleda da u tim situacijama ljudi očekuju od vas da ponudite konkretna rješenja, nešto poput uputstva na pakovanju instant kafe: istresite sadržaj u šoljicu, ugrijte vodu, prelijte neključalom vodom, dodajte šećer i mlijeko po želji... Dobro, ovdje bi najteže bilo odrediti šta je neključala voda (vjerovali ili ne, danas to predstavlja veliki problem za mnoge domaćine/ce). Ipak, da se vratimo na temu... Bez imalo obrazloženja, moj odgovor se sastojao iz pukog opisa - za mene je pomirenje brzi voz kojim možete stići za četiri sata od jednog (određenog grada) do drugog (opet određenog grada, čiji je naziv nebitan za cijeli sadržaj ove kolumne). U redu... Nijemi pogledi. "Ne razumijem". Naravno da ne razumije. Harmonija nije na odmet. Ali, jedno je sigurno: ljubav je složena emocija. I ne možete nekoga natjerati da nešto osjeća. A posebno da osjeća ljubav. I zašto onda svi bezuspješno pokušavaju povezati pomirenje sa emocijama, ljubavlju, sa harmonijom, dječijim programom u subotnje jutro i tako dalje? Razumijem. Zato jer je to teži put. Mnogo teži od onog voza iz prethodne rečenice. Jer, kako da imamo voz, ako se ljudi međusobno ne vole?! Trebamo ih prvo naučiti kako ljubiti Bližnjeg! I onda se na to potroše milioni, izgube sati u radionicama, popularnim "workshopima", gdje svi poput djece uče kako se približiti Drugom, kako ga shvatiti, uvažiti, voljeti... A lekcija o emocijama? O regulaciji emocija? O kognitivnim preduvjetima emocija? Ne, nema potrebe za to. Zašto bismo se zamarali teorijom, kada ovako samo (ne)učimo i (ne)gubimo vrijeme i, vjerujte, očigledno je da uživamo u svemu tome. I, ovako nasmiješeni, siti i zadovoljni, čak i volimo ove pored nas. Pa kako i ne bi, opet ćemo se vidjeti. Jer, kompleksna je ovo materija. Onda slijedi prenošenje izrečenog, nedorečenog, (ne)naučenog na šire narodne mase. Naravno, to je još dugotrajniji proces. Jer te mase ne znaju, one nemaju ono što bi se nazvalo "basic knowledge", pa sada s njima prvo moramo krenuti od osnova... Dobro, za to će nam trebati još sredstava. Ne može to tek tako jednostavno. I naš trud treba ispravno nagraditi... I tako godinama. Možda i decenijama. Knowledge management i knowledge sharing na djelu. Učimo kako ljubiti Bližnjeg. Sa razlogom i bez razloga. I ništa nam nije jasno, jer još uvijek ni ne znamo zašto to radimo. Očigledno smo mi ti koji su na pogrešnom mjestu u pogrešno vrijeme. Oni koji bi trebali biti tu gdje smo mi sada su zapravo oni koji nam to znanje šire. I šta sada da radimo? Sada neću dati odgovor. Umjesto toga, mislim da ću napraviti jedan od onih instant 3 u 1 kofeinskih napitaka. Istresti sadržaj u šoljicu i preliti ključalom vodom. Pa šta ako nije u skladu sa uputstvom. To je sada najmanji problem. Jer ja volim onaj zvuk koji dolazi iz čajnika svaki put kada voda ključa u njemu. Ne znam zašto, ali podsjeća na zvuk onog brzog voza iz nekog davnog perioda. Eto još jedna definicija pomirenja - ne postupiti baš uvijek u skladu sa uputstvom. Neke stvari treba preliti - ključalom vodom.
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One Moment, One Definition
Recently I was asked how I define reconciliation. Poetic answer was not expected. Actually, I think they did not expect an answer at all. Somehow it seems that in these situations, people expect you to offer concrete solutions, something like the instructions on the package of instant coffee: pour the contents into a cup, boil water, pour it with boiling water, add sugar and milk to taste... Well, it would be difficult to determine what boiling water is (believe it or not, today it presents a big problem for many housewifes, as well as men). However, back on topic ... Without any explanation, my answer consisted of mere description - for me reconciliation represents fast train by which one can reach in four hours from one destination (a particular city) to another (again, a certain city, whose name is irrelevant to the entire contents of this column). O.K. Silence. "I do not understand." Of course you do not. Harmony is a good idea. But one thing is certain: love is a complex emotion. And you cannot push someone to feel something. And especially to feel love. And why is everyone unsuccessfully trying to link reconciliation with emotions, love, the harmony, Saturday morning television program for children, and so on? I see. Because it is a harder way. Much heavier than the lines from the previous sentence. Because, why should we have a train, if people do not love each other? 'We should first teach them how to love thy neighbor! And then to spend millions on it, lose hours in workshops where we like children learn how to approach Other, how to understand him/her, to accept, to love ... A lesson about emotions? The regulation of emotions? Cognitive prerequisites for emotions? No, there is no need for it. Why should we think of theories, when we have the opportunity to (not) learn and (not) lose time and, believe me, it is obvious that we enjoy it all. Full, satisfied, and with a big smile we even love our neighbors. Why should not we, when we know we shall see each other again. Because this is a complex matter. Then follows the transfer of everything said, “not fully” said, (not)learned to the groups. Of course, it is still time consuming process. Because the groups do not know, they do not have what might be called the "basic knowledge" so we have to start from the very beginning... Well, for that we will need more funds. That cannot be so simple. And our effort should be properly rewarded ... And the same procedure has been repeating for years. Perhaps decades. Knowledge management and knowledge sharing in action. We learn how to love our neighbor. With reason and without reason. And we do not understand, because we still do not know why we have to do it. Apparently we are the ones who are in the wrong place at the wrong time. Those who should be where we are now are actually the ones who are spreading the knowledge. What can we do now? I will not answer now. Instead, I think I shall prepare one of those 3 in 1 instant caffeinated beverages. Pour the contents into a cup and pour boiling water. So what if it is not in line with instruction for preparation. It is now the least of our problems. Because I love the sound that comes out of a teapot every time the water is boiling in it. I do not know why, but that sound reminds me of the fast train sound from previous time. There is another definition of reconciliation – do not act always in accordance with instructions. Some things need to be poured – by boiling water.
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21.12.2012.
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Propiši, opiši, navedi i grupiraj
“Naučnici se trude stvoriti moguće od nemogućeg a političari stvoriti nemoguće od mogućeg.” Bertrand Arthur William Russell Polagano odbrojavamo posljednje dane 2012. godine i pripremamo se za još jedno praznično raspoloženje. Ukoliko takva raspoloženja danas i postoje... Uglavnom, ako pokušamo sabrati, oduzeti, pomnožiti i podijeliti sve što smo u protekloj godini postigli, izgubili, dobili, namnožili, stekli, protekli i propustili, neki ċe biti manje, a neki više zadovoljni. Kakogod, još deset dana je u ovoj godini ostalo i nezahvalno je reċi da je to dovoljno da se svi propusti nadoknade. Ili možda nije. Sigurno je bolje da sada ne ulazim u dubinu i ne analiziram isuviše prethodnu godinu. Na kraju krajeva, zašto to raditi kada živimo u svijetu moderne tehnologije te svako jednim "klikom" na svom Timeline-u može vidjeti svojih "najveċih" dvadeset momenata iz ove godine. Zato se nemojte iznenaditi sljedeċi put kada na svom profilu vidite niz fotografija vjenčanja, rođenja, proslava, male djece (e to posljednje ne shvatam, a i nepoželjno je, ako ni zbog čega drugog, ono zbog sigurnosti). Sve na jednom mjestu, 365 dana u 20 fotografija veċine Vaših prijatelja. Život nikada nije bio jednostavniji. Bar tako izgleda. Sve na jedan „klik“. Naravno, osim plate, zdravstvenog osiguranja, penzija. Ali to su sada manje bitne stvari. Bitan je popis stanovništva u BiH. Ili još bolje: bitan je raspored, redoslijed i grupiranje stanovništva u BiH. Kao i uvijek, manje bitne stvari su važnije, ako ni zbog čega drugog, onda jer savršeno maskiraju one jako bitne (ili još bolje, one od životnog značaja, ako tako nešto uopċe postoji danas). I sada, bez obzira na sve, na nama je da još jednom donesemo odluku i uđemo u Novu 2013. snažniji, spretniji, hrabriji. Ako ni zbog čega drugog, onda zbog onog jednog „klika“ što na Timeline-u mnogo znači. Jer, neke stvari (ne) treba podijeliti sa drugima. Na Vama je da odlučite koje. I zato, sretna nam svima Nova 2013. p(r)opisna godina! “Lakoća kojom određena mišljenja postaju opća, proizlazi iz nesposobnosti većine ljudi da stvore vlastito mišljenje osnovano na vlastitom razmišljanju.” Gustave Le Bon
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Prescribe, describe, convince and group
“Scientists are trying to create possible of the impossible, but politicians are trying to create impossible of possible.” Bertrand Arthur William Russell We are slowly counting last days of 2013 and preparing overselves for another „holiday mood“. If that kind of mood exists today... However, if we try to sum, subtract, multiply and divide all that we have achieved, lost, got, acquired and missed in the last year, some of us will be less, and some of us more satisfied. However, there are ten days left in this year and it is ungrateful to say that this is enough to compensate for all the failures. Or maybe not. Surely it is better now not to deeply analyze last year. After all, why do it when we live in a world of modern technology, and just one "click" on our Timeline allows us to see our "biggest" twenty moments from this year. So do not be surprised the next time you see on your profile series of photographs of weddings, births, celebrations, small children (this is what I do not understand, and find undesirable, if for no other reason, than for security reasons). All in one place, 365 days in 20 photos of most of your friends. Life has never been simpler. It looks like that. All in one "click". Of course, other than wages, health insurance and pensions. But they are far less important things. What matters is the census in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Or even better: the arrangement, the order and grouping of the population are essential. As always, the less important things are substantial, if for no other reason, then because they perfectly mask those very important (or even better, those of vital importance, if such a thing even exists today). And now, no matter what, our job is to make a decision once again and go into the New 2013th stronger, skilled, braver. If for no other reason, then because of that one "click" that means a lot at the Timeline. Because some things are (not) for sharing with others. It is up to you to decide which. Therefore, happy new „prescriptive/descriptive“ 2013 year! „The ease with which certain opinions become general, stems from the inability of most people to form their own opinion founded on their own thinking.“ Gustave Le Bon
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28.10.2012.
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Vodič kroz prošlost budućnosti
Da li je moguće da nas naša sjećanja oblikuju? I to ne samo naš identitet, nego i naša shvatanja o drugima, o dešavanjima oko nas, o društvu, o prirodi, o politici... Ukoliko je to zaista moguće, (a naučna istraživanja su to i potvrdila), da li ćemo onda ikada moći napredovati? Sada više nije riječ o jednom pogledu u prošlost, nego o ŽIVOTU u prošlosti, za sadašnjost u prošlosti i prošlošću oblikovanu budućnost. Ovako navedeno doima se zbunjujuće, i ne samo to: rijetki su oni koji bi prihvatili prošlošću determiniranu budućnost. Kako uopće naći mjesta za napredak, reformu (a da ne govorimo o napredovanju u smislu evropskih integracija, stabilizacije i pridruživanja, zadržavanja bezviznog režima i ostalih teško održivih „sitnica“)?! Pojam "instrumentalizacija prošlosti" podrazumijeva manipulaciju historijskim događajima i stvaranje novog poretka sjećanja. To je trenutna situacija u Bosni i Hercegovini, gdje je "kraj historije" doveo do pojave novih kolektivnih identiteta. Trenutno, različite kulture sjećanja opstaju u Bosni i Hercegovini, dovodeći tako do formiranja grupa i „opasnih“ Drugih. Pri tome „Drugi“ postaje prijetnja i nosilac bremena "mrtvih generacija" te kao takav/takva, on/ona pronalazi spas u proizvodnji svojih vlastitih sjećanja. Četiri psihoanalitička ogleda o Drugom svjedoče ne samo o neprihvatanju, nego i o razvoju sveprisutne netolerancije. Kroz njih se Drugi promatra kao subjekat koji uživa, kao Neprijatelj, kao stigmatizirani Drugi i kao namenuti Bližnji. Izoliranje prestupnika, ludaka, bolesnih i drugačijih, dovelo je kroz historiju do fabrikovanja istih jedinki, ali i do fabrikovanja netolerantne svijesti koja kao takva egzistira i izvan granica naših mogućnosti spoznaje. Prihvatiti Drugog i drugačijeg ne znači dozvoliti mu da uđe u naš svijet jer se on ni po čemu ne razlikuje od njegovog, nego podrazumijeva rušenje zidova vlastite netolerantosti, eutanaziju jednog kroz historiju onesposobljenog uma i otvaranje prostora približavanju kroz upoznavanje, a ne nametanje. Međutim, različite kulture sjećanja trenutno egzistiraju na prostoru Bosne i Hercegovine, simbolizirajuċi tako, jedna za drugu, izbjegavanje, osuđivanje i izmišljanje prošlosti. Putovanje kroz prošlost budućnosti umnogome će otežati svaki oblik napredovanja, počevši od onog najosnovnijeg, ličnog napretka i ostavrenja individualnih ciljeva, ma kako sitni i/ili krupni oni bili, do nemogućnosti razmišljanja o kolektivnim ciljevima i potrebama. Okovi prošlosti kojima je opasana naša budućnost teško će se razbiti, jer njihovo uklanjanje nije zasnovano na potpuno prestanku svakog oblika sjećanja i razmišljanja o prošlosti, nego na prihvatanju i individualnoj (a kasnije i kolektivnoj) preradi materijala koji nam je kao takav predan (doživljen od strane nas samih ili nama bitnih osoba). To nas i dovodi do pokušaja pronalaska odgovora na pitanje o mogućnosti prihvatanja Drugih, kao i identificiranja barijera koje razdvajaju ljude. Također, jedno od rješenja koje se nameće je sposobnost prevladavanja prošlosti koje zahtijeva prelazak od "izmišljanja" ka "pripitomljavanju" sjećanja i raznolikosti. Koliko je to moguće, pokazat će vrijeme i iskustva onih koji u tome pokušaju. Bila Evropa zajednički cilj ili ne, određene stvari se same od sebe nameću, kao ciljevi ili kao problemi. Na nama je da odlučimo u koju grupu ćemo ih svrstati.
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The Guide for Past of Future
Is it possible that our memories can shape our mind? And it is not just our identity that it can shape, but our understanding of other people, happenings around us, thinking about society, about the nature and politics… If this is really possible (and scientific research confirms this), shall we ever be able to improve ourselves? It is not only the question of one single view into the past, but about LIVING in the past, about present in the past and about future shaped by the past. This list seems to be confusing, and not only that: there are few people who would accept the concept of future determined by past. Is it even possible to find place for improvement, for reform (also, for progress in terms of European integration, stabilization and association process, keeping visa-free regime sustainable and other hard to sustainable "trifles")?! The term "instrumentalisation of the past" involves manipulation of historical events and the creation of a new order of memories. This is the current situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the "end of history" led to the emergence of new collective identities. Currently, different cultural memories persist in Bosnia and Herzegovina, leading to the formation of such a group and "dangerous" Others. According to this "Other" becomes a threat and a burden bearer of "dead generations" and as such, he/she finds salvation in the production of his/her own memories. Four psychoanalytic essays on Other witness not only acceptance on, but also the development of ubiquitous intolerance. Through it Other is seen as subject that enjoys, as the enemy, as stigmatized Other, and as imposed Neighbor. Isolation of offenders, insane, sick and different, has led through the history to the fabrication of these individuals, but also to the fabrication of intolerant consciousness that as such exists beyond the boundaries of our knowledge. To accept Other and different does not involve allowance for him/her to enter into our world because their world is not different than ours, but it involves the demolition of the walls of our own intolerance, euthanasia of one historically incapacitated mind and opening new space of approaching, not imposing. However, different cultures of remembrance currently exist on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, symbolizing, (one for other), avoidance, conviction, and invention of the past. Journey through the past of the future will greatly complicate any form of improvement, starting from the most basic, personal progress and accomplishment of individual goals, no matter how small and /or large they may be, to the inability to think about collective goals and needs. Bonds of the past which are surrounding our future may be difficult to break down, because its removal is not based on a complete cessation of all forms of remembrance and reflection on the past, but the acceptance and individual (and later collective) processing of materials that we are committed to (materials experienced by ourselves or by people important to us). That leads us to the attempt to find answers to the question about the possibility of accepting Other as well as identifying barriers that separate people. Also, one of the solutions that arises is the ability to overcome the past that requires transit from the "invention" to the "domestication" of memories and diversity. To what extent it can be possible, only time will show as well as the experiences of those who will try to do it. Regardless of Europe as a common goal, certain things are imposed by themselves, either as goals or as problems. It is our duty to decide in which group we shall assign them.
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18.8.2012.
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Volontiranje –
ulaznica za radno mjesto ili još jedna karta za biro Riječ „volonter“ vodi porijeklo iz latinskog jezika, a znači dobrovoljan. Danas je teško naći nekog ko nikada nije volontirao/la, međutim, razlozi zbog kojih je u toj poziciji su različiti. Dok je u ostalim evropskim zemljama trend da mladi ljudi volontiraju u različitim nevladinim organizacijama kako bi stekli znanja, pomogli drugima i shvatili važnost rada, u BiH je razlog za volontiranje potvrda koja se dobije nakon odrađenih šest mjeseci ili godinu dana (u najboljem slučaju), a koju će kasnije koristiti kao dokaz radnog iskustva, (jer volontiranje ne ulazi u radni staž), dok izgubljeni budu čekali u dugim redovima javnih konkursa i oglasa. „Najperspektivniji“ konkursi/oglasi danas su oni u kojima se kao uvjet navodi „završen fakultet društvenog smjera“. Oni predstavljaju pravi melem za rane nastale dugim čekanjem u redovima biroa za zapošljavanje radi ovjere radne knjižice. Uredu, pojedinci se i zaposle. Velika većina prema preporuci (op.a., pogledati rubriku „Na pragu Evrope – između diplome i 'preporuke'. Lapsus linguae ili nešto drugo“), a nešto manji broj sretnika dobije posao na osnovu svojih ličnih zasluga, rezultata i kvaliteta (budući da su sve „preporuke“ blagovremeno zbrinute, nijedna nije bila dostavljena za to radno mjesto, tako da je odabir kandidata izvršen na osnovu realnih kriterija). E da, sada priča dobija novog junaka: sretnika zaposlenog bez „preporuke“! Uredu, dobio/dobila je priliku da pokaže sve što je naučio/naučila. Da usavrši naučeno. Da pomogne. Ali, sa jednim malim detaljem: samo na godinu dana. Nakon toga se priča vraća na svoj početak – sve zavisi kojoj od prethodno navedene dvije kategorije „sretnika“ naš junak/naša junakinja pripada. Ukoliko su u prvoj grupi „preporučenih“, on/ona ne treba da brinu za svoju budućnost, štaviše, ne treba ni da razmišljaju (to zamara), jer će neko drugi donijeti najbolju moguću odluku za njih. A sada oni iz druge kategorije! Pa, vjerovatno su dosta toga pokazali, čak i previše. Uredu, složićemo se da je sposoban/sposobna, ali nekako se „ne uklapa“. Najbolje bi bilo da malo „odmori“ od rada i poradi na emocionalnoj inteligenciji. Da, naravno, činimo njemu/njoj uslugu na taj način, kako da ne! Scenario se nastavlja, pogađate gdje?! Pred vratima biroa za zapošljavanje! Godina dana volontiranja (ili, u najbolju ruku, pripravničkog staža, ali, to je već druga rubrika) je završena, a naš junak/naša junakinja je opet na početku. Pa kako i ne bi bio/bila, kada je previše učio/učila, mnogo se trudi/trudila, a iznad svega toga, ima „problema sa emocijama“! Ukoliko se neko prepoznao/prepoznala u ovom scenariju, neka ne brine. Svaka sličnost sa stvarnim životom je sasvim namjerna. Nedostaje još samo jedan mali detalj: kako educirati tolike zaposlenike o tome šta uopće predstavlja kompleksni koncept emocionalne inteligencije?! Ali, nema veze. Neko će to već učiniti. Prema preporuci, naravno.
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Volunteering -
ticket for job or another road for employment agency The word "volunteer" originates from Latin and means voluntary. Today it is hard to find someone who has never volunteered, however, the reasons for that are different. While in other European countries exists a trend for young people to volunteer in various non-governmental organizations in order to acquire knowledge, help others, and understand the importance of work, the real reason for volunteering in Bosnia and Herzegovina is certificate obtained after completion of period of six months or a year (at best). It will later be used as evidence of work experience, (because volunteering is not included in the work history), by lost job-seeking persons waiting in long lines of public vacancies. The most „perspective“ vacancies are those that contain precondition „graduated at faculty of social sciences“. These vacancies are „a sight for sore eyes“ resulted from long waiting lines in front of employment agencies. Well, of course, some people get the job. Majority get the job thanks to the „recommendation“ (please, read the column „On the doorstep of Europe – between graduation and recommendation. Lapsus linguae or something else“), but minority get the job because of personal values, results and qualities (in that situation, all „recommendations“ got the appropriate job timely, so nobody was interested in that particular job, and the selection was done in accordance with the real criteria). Now, there is a new hero/heroine in our story: lucky man/woman employed without recommendation! OK, he/she gets the opportunity to show his/her knowledge. To improve previously acquired skills. To help. But, all that with one small detail: only for the period of one year. After that the story returns to its beginning – everything depends on the category our hero/heroine belongs to. If he/she belongs to the first group of „recommended persons“, he/she has nothing to worry about, furthermore, he/she has nothing to think about (thinking is a very gruelling), since somebody else will find the most suitable decision for them. And now, our heroes/heroines from the second category! Well, most probably they demostrated too much of their knowledge and skills. We can all agree that he/she is competent, but he/she is not geting along with others well. It will be better for him/her to make a short break during which he/she will work on the improvement of his/her emotional intelligence. We are doing a favor to him/her, of course! Scenario continues, guess where?! At the entrance of the Public Employment Service! One year of volunteering (or, at best, internship, but that's another column) is completed, our hero/heroine is at the beginning again. And he/she has to be there, since he/she used to learn too much, invested so much effort, and, above all, had "problems with emotions!" If somebody identified himself/herself in this scenario, he/she should not worry. Any resemblance to real life is quite deliberate. Just one small detail is missing: how to educate a huge number of employees on what a complex concept of emotional intelligence represents?! But no matter. Someone will do that. According to the recommendation, of course.
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22.6.2012.
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“Draga mi je Bolonja, ali mi je draže znanje”
Pogled iz obje uloge Reforme… Posvuda oko nas. Reforma javnog sektora, reforma informacionih sistema, reforma zdravstva, reforma obrazovanja. Pa, kada smo kod obrazovanja, postoji li kod nas takozvani “bolonjski sistem”? Ili još bolje, na koji način se primjenjuje i šta nam on uopċe znači? Bolonjska deklaracija je kao zajednička deklaracija evropskih ministara obrazovanja potpisana u Bologni 19.06.1999. godine, a odnosi se na reformu sistema visokog obrazovanja u Evropi koji je postao poznat kao "Bolonjski proces". Ciljevi Bolonjske deklaracije i Bolonjskog procesa su sljedeċi: Ø Prihvatanje sistema lako prepoznatljivih i usporedivih stepenova obrazovanja, uvođenje dodatka diplomi (Diploma Supplement), kako bi se promicalo zapošljavanje evropskih građana i međunarodna konkurentnost evropskog sistema visokog obrazovanja. Ø Prihvatanje sistema zasnovanog na dva glavna ciklusa, preddiplomskom i diplomskom. Ø Uvođenje bodovnog sistema, kao što je ECTS, kao prikladnog sredstva za poticanje najšire razmjene studenata. Ø Promicanje mobilnosti prevladavanjem ograničenja i poteškoċa u slobodnom kretanju. Ø Promicanje evropske saradnje u osiguravanju kvalitete u cilju razvijanja uporedivih kriterija i metodologija. Ø Promicanje potrebne evropske dimenzije u visokom školstvu, posebno u razvoju nastavnih programa, međuinstitucionalnoj saradnji, shemama mobilnosti i integriranih programa studija, obuke i istraživanja. Ali, u kojoj mjeri se teorija i praksa podudaraju u Bosni i Hercegovini? Bolonjski proces pored gore navedenog podrazumijeva i stalni akademski angažman profesora i saradnika, kao i redovno godišnje ocjenjivanje profesora od strane njihovih studenata. Pa, kada smo kod ocjenjivanja, šta ono podrazumijeva? Lako je pružiti odgovor na postavljeno pitanje. Ipak, nije rijetkost da zbog “straha” od loše ocjene pojedini profesori i asistenti pribjegavaju onom najjednostavnijem – upisivanju dobrih ocjena u studentski indeks. Da li je suština bolonjskog procesa pogrešno shvaćena? U nekim slučajevima i situacijama zasigurno jeste. Nije lako biti sa obje strane katedre, ali je istovremeno i veliki izazov. Ono što zasigurno mogu potvrditi jeste da vjerujem u studente. Bar one koji još uvijek žele samo jedno – znanje za bolju budućnost, znanje za Evropu. Ono što je sigurno jeste da se ti studenti ne mogu privoliti dobrim ocjenama. Jer, na kraju, oni te ocjene ne trebaju. Oni ih zaslužuju. I svi oni profesori/asistenti koji josš uvijek vjeruju kako mogu utjecati na njihovo mišljenje, jako griješe. Također, oni studenti koji još uvijek evaluiraju profesore na temelju ocjena koje im daju, ne uspijevaju. U toj situaciji ne uspijevaju ni jedni ni drugi. Prvi će možda dobiti dobru ocjenu kao profesori, ali i dalje će sigurno biti loše ocijenjeni od onih kojima je draže znanje nego pogrešno shvaćena Bolonja. I šta zaključiti? Bolonjski proces, reforma obrazovanja i sve ono što sa sobom donosi ima i pozitivne i negativne strane. Svakako je uspješno rješenje i prijedlog za sigurnu budućnost kada je ispravno tumačena. Ipak, kao i drugim pogrešno shvaćenim oblicima reformi, jasno je da može postati najopasnije oružje u rukama onih koji ga pogrešno koriste. Bolonja za studente i za profesore, u svakom slučaju, situacija prema kojoj obje strane katedre dobivaju. Bolonja kao sredstvo podmićivanja sa obje strane katedre sigurno ne doprinosi nastanku win-win situacije. Možda će neko pogrešno shvatiti ovaj tekst. Ipak, kada opet pogledam sa obje strane katedre, samo mi je jedno jasno: Draga mi je Bolonja, ali mi je draže znanje. Onog trenutka kada kao studentica trebam ocijeniti svoje profesore, smo mi je to na umu. Nadam se da je tako i sa ostalim studentima. Ili bar sa većinom. Jer to je jedina win-win opcija. Sve ostale gube. Bez obzira sa koje strane katedre posmatramo.
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“I prefer Bologna process,
but I prefer knowledge more” View from both roles Reforms…Everywhere around us. Public sector reform, information technologies reform, health sector reform, reform of education. So, when we consider education, we have to ask ourselves if so called “bologna process” exists in our country. Or, even better, whether it is possible to apply it here and what it means to us? The Bologna Declaration is a joint Declaration of European Ministers of Education signed in Bologna on 19 June 1999, and refers to the reform of higher education in Europe, which became known as the "Bologna process". Main aims of Bologna declaration and Bologna process are as follows: Ø Acceptance of the system of easily recognized and comparable degrees, the introduction of Diploma Supplement, in order to promote employment of European citizens and the international competitiveness of European higher education system. Ø Acceptance of the system based on two main cycles, undergraduate and graduate. Ø Introduction of a credit system such as ECTS as a proper means of promoting exchange of student. Ø Promotion of mobility by overcoming the limitations and difficulties in travelling abroad. Ø Promotion of European cooperation in quality assurance with the aim to develop comparable criteria and methodologies. Ø Promotion of the necessary European dimensions in higher education, particularly in development of teaching curricula, inter-institutional cooperation, mobility schemes and integrated programs of study, training and research. But to what extent the theory and practice match in Bosnia and Herzegovina? In addition to the above the Bologna process assumes a constant academic engagement of professors, as well as the regular annual evaluation of teachers by their students. Well, considering the assessment, what it defaults? It is easy to give an answer to this question. However, due to "fear" of bad evaluation some professors and assistants resort to the simplest solution – giving a good grades. Is the essence of the Bologna process misunderstood? In some cases and situations it certainly is. It is not easy to be on the both sides, but it is also a great challenge. What I certainly can confirm is that I believe the students. At least those who still want one thing - knowledge for a better future, knowledge for Europe. What is certain is that these students can not be persuaded by the good grades. Because they do not need these grades. They deserve it. And all those professors / assistants who still believe they can influence students’ opinion, make big mistakes. Also, those students who are still evaluating teachers based on the grades they give usually fail. In this situation, none succeeds. The first might get a good evaluation as teachers, but will be badly judged by those who prefer knowledge than misunderstood Bologna process. And what to conclude? The Bologna process and reform of education bring within itself both positive and negative things. Certainly Bologna process is the successful solution and proposal for a secure future when properly interpreted. However, like other forms of reform that are wrongly understood, it is clear how it can become a dangerous weapon in the hands of those who use it incorrectly. Bologna process for both students and professors is the situation in which both parties win. Bologna process as a means of bribery certainly does not contribute to the emergence of a win-win situation. Someone will maybe misunderstand this column. However, when I look back from the both roles, there is only one thing clear to me: I prefer Bologna, but I prefer knowledge more. The moment when as student I have to evaluate my teachers, that is the only thing I have in my mind. I hope the other students think of it also. Or at least the majority. Because it is the only win-win option. All other fails. No matter which role is yours.
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04.6.2012.
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(Ne)evropski kriteriji
ili kratka priča o jednoj molekuli kiseonika Šta pomislite pri izlasku iz kuće? Šta vam je uopće važno kada izlazite vani? Imate li neke kriterije za procjenu „dobre, zdrave šetnje“? Dragi čitaoci kolumne, vjerovatno se sada pitate čemu sve ovo vodi. Zbog čega pitanja bez odgovora i zašto je važno procjenjivati subotnju šetnju? Odgovorit ću vam. Ili, još bolje, u sljedećim redovima ćete sami pronaći odgovor. Lijepo junsko jutro u Zenici. Napokon sunčano, napokon ono što smo čekali. Toplina, povjetarac, poznate ulice, poznati ljudi i ... Nešto potpuno nepoznato. Neprijatni miris koji guši, otežava disanje, potječe mučninu i znojenje... Nisam mogla razmišljati o stepenu zagađenosti zraka u Zenici u tom trenutku, tog toplog junskog dana u kojem smo se svi mi, umjesto užitka, borili za preostala zrnca čistog kiseonika. Kojih je u svakom trenutku, svakom momentu i sekundi, sve manje i manje. A oboljelih na onkološkom odjelu, nažalost, sve više i više. Zaista, šta bi rekla Evropa[1] kada bismo je probudili i doveli na zeničke ulice tog jutra? Da li bi uživala u uništenju prirode, uništenju jednog grada, uništenju života? Ne vjerujem. Vjerovatno bi pomislila da zemlja u kojoj se takve stvari dešavaju u samom njenom središtu, u njenom srcu, ni ne zaslužuje da bude dio nje. I bila bi upravu. Bez obzira na profit i debljinu novčanika, ne treba mnogo da se shvati (i izračuna, ukoliko neko ima problema sa brojanjem do dva) kako u svakoj situaciji (sa novcem i bez novca) svako od nas ima samo dva plućna krila. Onog trenutka kada se suočimo sa tom krutom biološkom činjenicom, shvatit ćemo da nam ne treba mnogo da ih ugrozimo, ali nam ni cijelo bogatstvo ne može pomoći da ih nadomjestimo. Postoje stvari koje se ne mogu kupiti tek tako, niti se mogu „proizvesti“ na jednostavan način i „kada platite“. Evropa je upravu. Zemlja u čijem se srcu dešavaju takve stvari (a, vjerujte, zagađenje te vrste nije nešto što se zadržava samo na uskom prostoru, to je nešto što se širi, kreće, i ne zaustavlja lako) ne zaslužuje da postane dio njenog društva. Bez svijesti o tome teško je bilo šta učiniti. Možda nas sada, u ovom trenutku, to uopće ne zanima, ali jednog dana će postati dio svih nas. Pitanje je vremena kada će biti nemoguće uživati u subotnjim šetnjama, kada će one postati opasne po život. Ili možda već jesu. Neka ovo bude jedan mali korak. Da pokažemo Evropi da nam je stalo. I da ima onih koji još uvijek brinu i shvataju. Prvenstveno zbog nas i onih koji dolaze. Kao što je već jednom napisano, nismo sami. A oni koji smatraju da jesu, neka još jednom razmisle: Koliko zaista plućnih krila imaju na raspolaganju. Ljudi decenijama od prirode samo uzimaju, a ne vraćaju. U posljednje vrijeme joj i vraćaju. Otpad, smrad, zagađenja, otrove... Mnogi će na znatno teži način shvatiti šta se zapravo dešava. „Taj divni novi svijet“ će se jednoga dana okrenuti protiv nas. Svako dijete, svako ljudsko biće ima pravo na život i svoje molekule kiseonika. Ako to tako možemo reći. Onog trenutka kada ih sami sebi oduzmemo oduzeli smo i vlastiti život. I živote svoje djece. I onih poslije njih. Draga Evropo, ako se zbog ovog budiš iz sna i ako nas zbog ovog ne želiš, shvatam te. Ipak, ako se predomisliš, i odlučiš da nam pomogneš, podijeli ova razmišljanja i sa drugima. A, ako nas odlučiš posjetiti, ponesi svoje rezervne molekule čistog kiseonika. Za svaki slučaj. Jer, svi mi imamo samo dva plućna krila. Još uvijek. Nadam se. [1] Boginja Evropa
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(Non)European criteria or short story on one molecule of oxygen
What do you think about while leaving your house? What is important for you while going out for a walk? Do you have some criteria for the assessment of „good, healthy walk“? Dear readers of this column, you are probably asking yourselves what kind of questions are these. Why I asked questions without answers and why it is important to asses Saturday's walk? I shall answer you. Or, even better, you will find the answers below. Beautiful June morning in Zenica. It was sunny finally, what all of us had been expecting. Warmth, breeze, well-known streets, well-known people, and... Something completely unknown. Unpleasant smell that was choking while making breathing difficult, and causing nausea and sweating... I could not think about the level of air pollution in Zenica at the time, that warm day in June, in which all of us, instead of pleasure, battled for the remaining grains of pure oxygen. Grains that have been disapearing every moment and second. Less and less oxygen, more and more patients at oncology department. Unfortunately. Indeed, what would Europa[1] say if we woke her up and brought to Zenica's streets that morning? Would she find the pleasure in the destruction of nature, in the destruction of a city, in the destruction of life? I do not think so. She would have thought probably that country where such things could happen in the very center, in its heart, had not even deserved to be Her part. And she would have been right. Regardless of the profits and the size of the wallet, we do not need much to understand (and calculate, if someone has a problem with counting up to two) that in any situation (with money and without money), each of us has only two lungs. The moment when we confront ourselves with that solid biological fact is the one in which we shall realise that we do not need much to destroy it, but all the wealth cannot help us to replace it. There are things you cannot buy just like that, or just „produce“ in a simple way and once „when you pay“. Europa is right. Land where such things are happening in its heart (and believe me, that kind of pollution is not something that can stay in one narrow place, since it has been moving and cannot be stopped easily) does not deserve to become a part of Her company. It is hard to do anything if we are not aware of it. Maybe now, in this moment, we are not even interested in it, but one day it will become part of us. It is the question of time when it will become impossible to enjoy Saturday's walks, and when it will become life threatening. Or it already is that. Let this be one small step. To show Europa that we do care. And that people who care still exist and understand. Primarily because of us and those who are coming. As it was written once, we are not alone. Those who find themselves alone in the world, should ask: How many lungs do I have? Through decades, people have been just taking from the nature, and not giving anything. In the last time they have started to return something.Garbage, unpleasant smell, pollution, poison... The majority will understand what is going on in a harder way. „That brave new world“ will one day turn against us. Every child, every human being has the right to life and its oxygen molecules. If we can say so. At the moment in which we shall substract those molecules from ourselves we shall actually take up our lives. And our childrens' lives. And the lives of those coming after them. Dear Europa, if you are waking up from your dream just because of this, and if this is the reason you do not want us, I understand you. But if you change your mind, and if you decide to help us, let others read this column. And, if you decide to visit us, bring your extra molecules of oxygen with You. Just in case. Because we all have only two lungs. Still. Ihope so. [1] Goddess Europa
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18.5.2012.
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Koliko košta ta osviještenost i kultura?
Dan kao i svaki drugi. Pomalo hladan, neobičan za maj. Bar ne onako kako smo navikli. I tako, promišljajući narednu rubriku, tražeći ideje među starim zapisima i esejima, shvatim da više ne znam šta napisati jer, ako opet nastavim sa pričom o ludilu na marginama Evrope, vjerovatno većina neće biti zadovoljna, a opet, za nešto drugo u tom momentu nisam imala ni volje, a ni vremena. S tim što mi tog posljednjeg najviše nedostaje. I tako, kao i svaki put kada ideje i inspiracija baš i nisu na mojoj strani, odlučim jedino što mi preostaje. Prestati razmišljati o svemu i posvetiti se potpuno drugim stvarima. Svakodnevnim. Običnim. Zapravo, toliko običnim da više i ne znam kako izgledaju. Jer, kao ni za one prvo pomenute – nemam vremena. Krenem od prve ulice koja mi padne na pamet, one najbliže jer, zašto gubiti vrijeme na duge šetnje (ponovo vrijeme!). Osim polomljenih grana, listova na asvaltu i neke čudne boje neba, u tim rijetkim trenucima u kojima ne radim apsolutno ništa sem šetnje, (a tako se valjda zove kada lutaš bez cilja i ideja), okružuju me samo glasovi koji remete tišinu, poneka svađa u okolini, psovke koje su tu da začine još jedno nepropisno parkiranje, prolazak kroz jednosmjernu ulicu u pogrešnom smjeru („Ko je ona/on da mi kaže kako vozim u pogrešnom smjeru, neka se ona/on prvi skloni sa ceste...“), itd. I da, smeće. Smeće posvuda, oko, iza, pored (a ponešto je valjda i u kontejneru). Podsjeti me tako na priču koji sam u slučajnom razgovoru na „namjernom“ putu vodila sa opet slučajnom saputnicom: u nekim zemljama svi stanovnici razvrstavaju otpad i pripremaju ga tako za recikliranje. Zanimljivo. Zapitam se koliko bi nama trebalo. Ne da naučimo kako, nego da istrajemo u tome. I šta je ono što bi nas moglo održati da istrajemo. Visoke kazne? Možda, ali nije ni to pravilo. Direktiva Evropske unije? To je već zanimljivo. Ne zbog rubrike, nego zato što nam je to svima cilj. Savjest? O tome već ne bih. Nisam sigurna koliko smo istrenirani da bismo bili ekološki osviješteni. I tako, lagana šetnja kroz zimski maj dovela me do ničim izazvane kupovine. Sasvim slučajno. I neplanski. Čak ni ne uživam u tome. Stojim u redu i čekam da platim. I plaćam. I još uvijek čekam. Nešto nedostaje. „Plastićne vrećice se od sada naplaćuju. Ako nemate neku staru, morate kupiti ovu našu...“ Zanimljivo. Iznenađena sam, u početku mi još uvijek nije sasvim jasno šta se dogodilo. I onda se ponovo sve dešava: hladnoća, šetnja, grane, ekologija... Ako razmišljamo o recikliranju kao o stvarima koje nas zamaraju, a o odlaganju otpada isključivo u (a nikako pored) kontejnera ili na ulicu kao o teškom i dosadnom poslu („jer zašto bih ja mislio/la kada ni on/ona nikada neće, pa zašto onda da se samo ja mučim“), onda zasigurno nismo na dobrom putu. Možda nam trenutno to izgleda beznačajno, ali u jednom trenutku ćemo se susreti sa sličnim naređenjem. I to će onda postati pravilo, koje će se morati poštovati. Svijest više neće biti bitna, jer ćemo se u tom trenutku boriti za „evropsku“ osviještenost. Zbog toga, ako već razmišljamo o velikim poduhvatima, harmonizaciji zakona, Acquis communautaire i ludilu na evropskim marginama, dobro je pozabaviti se i naizgled malim stvarima. Spremite ovu rubriku negdje gdje ćete je moći lako pronaći. Ako se odlučite pohraniti je u plastičnu vrećicu, ne zaboravite da je (umjesto bacanja) možete koristi nekoliko puta. I još više. Ta osviještenost, zaista, ne košta mnogo. A znači više. Bar jedan mali korak za eko-budućnost. Za nas i čovječanstvo (jer ipak, nismo sami).
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How much is that enlightenment and culture?
A day like any other. A bit cold, unusual for May. At least not as we usually remember. So, while thinking about the next section, looking for ideas among the old records and essays, I realized that I do not know what to write because, again, if I continue with the story of madness on European margins, majority will not be satisfied, and yet, for something else at the moment I had neither the will nor the time. And the time was what I lack the most. And so, as every time when ideas and inspiration are not exactly on my side, I decided to do the only thing that was left. Stop thinking about everything and started doing something different. Daily things. Ordinary. Indeed, so common that I did not even know how it looks like. Because, like it is above-mentioned - I do not have time. I started walking down the street, the one in the nearby, because I did not want to waste my time on long walks (again time!). Besides broken branches, leaves on asphalt and some strange color of the sky, in those rare moments in which I did not do absolutely nothing except walking, (it is presumably called „walking“ when somebody is wandering aimlessly and without ideas), I could hear the voices, a few quarrels, and curses related to another improper parking, or a car passing through a one-way street in the wrong direction ("who is she/he to tell me how I drive in the wrong direction, she/he has to change direction immediately ... "), etc. And yes, garbage. Trash everywhere, around, behind, next to the container (and there was probably something in the container). It reminded me of the random conversation I had led with random companion during „intentional“ trip: in some countries people sort trash and prepare it for recycling. Interesting. I asked myself how much would it take for all of us. Not in order to learn how to recycle, but to persist in it. And what can help us to sustain. Higher penalties? Maybe, but that should not be the rule. European Union directive? It should be interesting. Not because it is a topic of this column, but because it is our common goal. Conscience? I should not like to talk about it. I am not sure how well we used to be trained in order to become environmentally conscious. So, easy walk through the winter day in May led me to shopping. Completly accidentaly. And unplanned. I did not even enjoy it. I stood in line and waited to pay. Then I payed. But still waiting. Something was missing. „Plastic bags are now charged. If you do not have an old one, you must buy this...“ And then it all started happening again: the cold, walking, branches, ecology... If we start thinking about recycling as of the boring things, and if we find waste disposal difficult („why shoul I think about it when she/he will never do so“), then surely we are not on track. It maybe sounds insignificant now, but we shall be faced with the similar order once. And then it will become the rule, which has to be respected. Conscious will not be important anymore, because we shall have to fight for „European“ awareness. Therefore, if we are already thinking about huge projects, law harmonization, acquis communautaire, and madness on European borders, it will be also good to deal with things that seems to be irrelevant. Save this column somewhere you can easily find. If you decide to save it in the plastic bag, do not forget that you can use it more then once (not ony throw it away). That enlightenment is not expensive, really. And means more. Even one small step for eco-future. For us and for humankind (after all, we are not alone).
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03.5.2012.
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Između ludila i užitka u evropskim granicama
II dio Od praiskonske podjele do prestupa Prema praiskonskoj podjeli zakon je povezan sa izopačenjem zakona. Freud nije zamislio želju kao prirodnu činjenicu, koja će eventualno, s pojavom kulture, biti organizirana pomoću različitih zabrana. On je zapravo prikazao da je porijeklo striktno i snažno mitsko. Jedan od dva vida oca je onaj koji predstavlja ograničavajuću funkciju kastracije, dok je drugi otac Prahorde, mitska figura koja je, prije nego što je ubijena, posjedovala sve žene i stajala negdje izvan zakona. Njegov užitak je bez ograničenja, on ga pronalazi u despotskom kažnjavanju. „Podizanje jednom ubijenog oca na nivo Boga od koga vodi porijeklo pleme bio je daleko ozbiljniji pokušaj ispaštanja nego svojevremeno ugovor sa totemom... Ali izgleda sigurno da se odnos prema ocu nije ograničavao samo na religiozno područje, već da je obuhvatao i onu stranu ljudskog života koja je zavisila od odstranjenja oca-socijalnu organizaciju. Uspostavljanjem oca-božanstva postepeno se društvo, lišeno oca, preobražavalo u patrijarhalni poredak. Porodica je bila vaskrsavanje nekadašnje prahorde i vratila je ocu veliki dio njegovih ranijih prava. Sada je ponovo postojao otac, ali socijalne tekovine bratskog klana još nisu bile odbačene a faktička razlika između novog oca porodice i svemogućeg praoca horde bila je dovoljno velika da bi osigurala opstanak religioznih potreba, očuvanje nezadovoljene čežnje za ocem.“ (Freud, 1973.) Odnos između zakona i nasilja koji je Freud prikazao, Foucault je razvio u svom pojmu moći kao odnosu koji nema oblik pravde i zakona, nego je više produktivan. Oblik zakona koji ograničava zadovoljstvo uvijek će proizvoditi krivulju u kojoj se nalazi „ukradeni“ užitak, mjesto u kojem možemo locirati stvarno zadovoljstvo koje je „izgubljeno“ (Sheperdson, 1995.). Moć je strukturna veza sila, poput zakona koji, daleko od toga da bude zaštita, postaje sila koja proizvodi svoj vlastiti prekršaj. Zakon se uvijek povezuje sa nasiljem, kao što i zatvor, u istom neuspjehu svojih ciljeva i reformi, otkriva da je na drugom nivou samo aparat osuđen na proizvodnju zločina. Na mjestu nestanka tijela uništenog javnim mučenjima pojavilo se tijelo zatvorenika koje je ujedno nosilac i „prestupničkog“ karaktera, sitne zločinačke duše koju je stvorio sam kazneni aparat. Tačno je da zatvor ponovo i gotovo neminovno dovodi pred sud one koji su mu bili povjereni na prevaspitanje. Međutim, on stvara prestupnike i u jednom drugom smislu, tako što u sistem čiji su elementi zakon i delikt uvodi bestjelesnu realnost prestupništva, kojom ih sve uzajamno povezuje i, već stoljeće i po, hvata u istu zamku. Zbog toga je prestupništvo osveta zatvora nad pravosuđem (Foucault,1997.). Slična situacija je i u medicini. Bolestan čovjek je bez sumnje nesposoban za rad, a kada je hospitaliziran postaje dupli teret za društvo. Pomoć koja mu se pruža odnosi se samo na njega dok je njegova porodica izložena siromaštvu i bijedi. Bolnica, koja kreira bolest pomoću zatvorenog, okuženog prostora djelovanja, proizvodi dalje bolest u društvenom prostoru u kojem je smještena. Lanac jedne bolesti koji izaziva drugu razbijen je tek kada neko odustane od kreiranja drugačijeg, izdvojenog prostora za bolesne, koji na dvosmislen i nespretan način rezultira zaštitom i održavanjem, proizvodnjom bolesti (Foucault, 1994.). Kriminal se ne rađa na marginama, kao posljedica isključivanja i izgona iz društva, nego baš zahvaljujući neprekidnom uključivanju u njega, sve upornijem nadzoru, sve većoj i jačoj disciplinskoj prinudi. Zatvor omogućava da se duboko u društvu stvori i ukorijeni prestupništvo na temelju sitnih ilegalizama, kao i da se organizira specijalizovani kriminal. Tako se od jedne praiskonske podjele došlo do prestupničkog ludila na evropskim marginama.
Rezultati III Konkursa DIOGEN pro kultura magazina i prvog sa nazivom
"Samir Tahirović - DIOGEN 2011" 21.3.2012.g. - Svjetski dan poezije i prvi dan proljeća. Tema je bila: "Pjesništvo buduċnosti – odsjaj prošlosti ili novum internetskih tražilica" ALMA JEFTIĆ- NAJBOLJI ESEJ
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Between Madness and
Pleasure within European Borders II part From Primordial Division to Transgression According to the primordial division law is associated with the perversion of law. Freud did not conceive desire as a natural fact that will eventually, with the emergence of culture, become organized by the prohibitions. He actually showed that the origin is strongly and strictly mythical. One of the two aspects of the father is the one that represents a limiting function of castration, while the other is Primordial father, the mythical figure who, before he was killed, had all the women and stood somewhere outside the law. His pleasure has no limit, and he finds it in the despotic punishment. "Raising a murdered father at the level of God from whom originates tribe was far more serious attempt of atonement, than the previous contract with totem ... But it seems certain that the relationship with father is not restricted only to the religious field, since it included the other side of human life that depended on the removal of the father-social organization. By the establishment of father-gods, society, deprived of his father, gradually transformed the patriarchal order. The family was the resurrection of the former Pri-horde and it returned to his father a big part of its earlier rights. Now there is a father again, but the social achievements of the fraternal clan had not yet dropped a factual difference between the new father of the family and omnipotent father of horde that was large enough to ensure the survival of religious needs, the preservation of unsatisfied desire for his father." (Freud, 1973.) The relationship between law and violence that was described by Freud, was further developed by Foucault in his notion of power as a relationship that has no form of justice and the law, but is more productive. The form of law that limits the pleasure will always produce a curve in which is "stolen" pleasure, a place where we can locate the real pleasure that is "lost" (Sheperdson, 1995.). The power is the structural relationship of forces, such as law which, far from being a protection, becomes a force that produces its own violation. The law is always associated with violence, as well as the prison in the same failure of its goals and reforms, reveals that at the second level there is just an apparatus sentenced to crime production. At the place of the disappearance of the body destroyed by public torture appears a body of the prisoner who is also the holder of the "violent" nature, petty criminal soul which is created by a penalty apparatus. It is true that the prison again and almost inevitably leads to justice those who have been entrusted to his reformation. However, it produces offenders in another sense, so that in a system whose elements are law and transgression it introduces bodiless reality of delinquency, through which are all these elements mutually connected and, for a century and a half, caught in the same trap. Therefore, the transgression is revenge of prison over justice (Foucault, 1997). A similar situation is also in medicine. A sick man is without a doubt unable for work and is hospitalized when he becomes a double burden for society. Assistance that is provided only applies to him while his family is exposed to poverty and misery. The hospital, which creates illness by using the closed space of acting, produces the diseases in the social space in which it is located. Chain of one disease that causes the other can be broken only when someone withdraws from creating a different, separate place for the sick, who in the ambiguous and awkward manner results in the protection and maintenance, but also in the production of disease (Foucault, 1994.). Crime is not born at the margins, as a result of the expulsion and exclusion from society, but through continuous involvement in it, through persistent surveillance, and increasingly stronger disciplinary coercion. The prison allows a society to create transgression on the ground of small and tinny illegal actions, as well as to specialize in organized crime. That is the journey from a primordial division to the madness of transgression on European margins.
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15.4.2012.
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Između ludila i užitka u evropskim granicama
I dio Psihoanalitičko porijeklo zakona i zabrane Hieronymus Bosch je čovječanstvo zamišljao kao mali brod ludaka koji plovi bez cilja nikada ne pronalazeći svoju luku. To je, za njega, bio način na koji ljudi provode vlastiti život: oni jedu, piju, flertuju, varaju, igraju smiješne igre, teže neostvarivim ciljevima. Ekscentrik i genijalac istovremeno, Bosch svojom slikom „Brod ludaka“, nije samo dirnuo u srca, nego je i „uronio“ čovječanstvo u punu svjesnost. Te zlobne i monstruozne figure koje je predstavio skrivene su kreacije našeg unutrašnjeg samoljublja, izobličeni demoni koji djeluju s druge strane hrabrosti. Od tog su vremena ludilo i ludak postali glavne ličnosti, istovremeno i prijetnja i poruga, i bezumlje svijeta i ismijavanje ljudi, kako je to naglasio Michel Foucault. Od tog je vremena i zatvaranje, kao način da se izbjegnu strah i sablazan, stupilo na scenu. Još je Friedrich Nietzsche tvrdio kako je tijelo društvena struktura, a, prema tome, filozofija samo interpretacija tjelesnih stanja, bila ona otkrivena ili skrivena. Michel Foucault je, skoro stoljeće kasnije, elaborirao Nietzscheovu tezu o tijelu kao mnogostrukosti, koja je u osnovi afektivna i instinktivna (Dionizijska), primarno i istinsko bojno polje za rat između instinkata. Ono je mnogostruko prije svega jer je korelat i funkcija fundamentalno heterogenih psiho-fizioloških procesa, ekspresija višestrukih nagona i afekata, prije nego besmrtne, transcendentalne ili metafizičke suštine. Zbog toga je i došao na ideju da u svom djelu pod nazivom „Nadzirati i kažnjavati“ historiju kaznenih mjera predstavi na osnovu historije tijela. Jacques Lacan je tvrdio da mi ne uživamo uprkos zakonu, nego baš zbog njega. To je ono što njegov termin jouissanceoznačava: to nije naziv za instinktivni užitak koji se suprotstavlja zakonu, to nije ni ispunjenje nekog prirodnog zahtjeva, niti trenutno obustavljanje moralnog ograničenja, to je Lacanov termin za ono što je Freud označio kao nagon za smrti. To je naziv za dimenziju patnje i kazne koje nastanjuju ljudski užitak, dimenzija koja je moguća samo zato što su tijelo i njegovo zadovoljstvo u osnovi denaturirani, uvijek vezani za predstavljanje. Princip zadovoljstva, prema Lacanu, funkcionira kao ograničenje užitka, jer je zakon taj koji naređuje pojedincu da uživa što je manje moguće. Istovremeno, pojedinac konstantno pokušava da prekorači zabrane usmjerene na njegov užitak, da ide iznad, „s one strane“ principa zadovoljstva. Rezultat prekoračenja principa zadovoljstva je, prema Lacanu, bol, sve što preostaje je samo jedan mali dio zadovoljstva koje pojedinac može primiti. Taj „bolni princip“ je nazvao jouissance. Jouissance je tako vezana za kaznu, organizirana ne u inat represivnim sporazumima čovječanstva, ne kroz kršenje moralnog zakona, nego kroz odnos sa zakonom. Uživanje po sebi je na neki način nametnuto, naređeno, jer kada uživamo, nikada to ne činimo spontano, nego uvijek pratimo određene naredbe. Psihoanalitički naziv za te naredbe je Superego. Ovdje pronalazimo jedan poseban oblik moći, koji nas od prirodnog zakona dovodi do zakona jezika, u kojem je sila povezana sa predstavom. Odnos između zakona i prestupa je takav da zakonska pravila postoje ne da bi „pritiskala“ ili „zabranjivala“, nego da bi proizvodila svoje sopstvene iznimke, ne da bi funkcionirala nego pogrešno funkcionirala, manifestirajući tako nepotpunost zakona, nemogućnost zatvaranja, element nedostatka koji destabilizira strukturalnu, simboličku totalnost. Kao rezultat, simboličko funkcionira samo na osnovu te iznimke, tog neobičnog podsjetnika, kao da zakonska pravila nekako ovise od nivoa pogrešnog i izopačenog užitka („nagon za smrti“ ili „jouissance“). Freud je objasnio odnos između zakona i prestupa u djelu „Totem i tabu“, predstavljajući dva praiskonska oblika oca. To ne upućuje odmah na pojmove zabrane ili zakona, nego otkriva praiskonsku podjelu prema kojoj je zakon povezan sa izopačenjem zakona. Freud nije zamislio želju kao prirodnu činjenicu, koja će eventualno, s pojavom kulture, biti organizirana pomoću različitih zabrana. On je zapravo prikazao da je porijeklo striktno i snažno mitsko. Jedan od dva vida oca je onaj koji predstavlja ograničavajuću funkciju kastracije, dok je drugi otac Prahorde, mitska figura koja je, prije nego što je ubijena, posjedovala sve žene i stajala negdje izvan zakona. Njegov užitak je bez ograničenja, on ga pronalazi u despotskom kažnjavanju.
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Between Madness and
Pleasure within European Borders I part Psychoanalytic Ruts of Law and Prohibition Hieronymus Bosch imagined humanity as a small boat of insane that aimlessly travels and never finds its port. That was, for him, the way people spend their lives: they eat, drink, flirt, cheat, play silly games, tend to unachievable goals. An eccentric genius, Bosch not only toched the heart by his painting, but he „immersed“ humanity in full consciousness. These vile and monstruos figures he presentes are hidden creations of our inner self-love, distorted demons that act on the other side of courage. Since that time the madness and the insane become major figures, both the threat and the ridicule, the world of madness and the world of fun, as pointed out by Michel Foucault. Since that time closing, as a way to avoid the fear, came into the scene. Even Friedrich Nietzsche argued that body is a social structure, and, therefore, philosophy is merely interpretation of bodily states, either hidden or revealed. Almost a century later, Michel Foucault elaborated Nietzsche's thesis on a body as a manifold, which is basically an affective and instinctual (Dionysian), primary and a true battelfield of instincts. It is manifold because it is correlat and function of fundamentally heterogeneous and psycho-physiological processes, the expression of multiple drives and affects, rather than immortal, transcendental or metaphysical essence. Therefore he came up with the idea to describe history of punishment by the history of body. Jacques Lacan claimed that we do not enjoy despite the law, but because of it. That is what his term jouissance presents: it is neither the title of visceral pleasure that is opposed the law, nor the fullfilment of natural demand or suspension of the current moral constraints, it is Lacan's term for Freud's death instinct. This is the name for dimension of suffering and punishment that inhabit the human enjoyment, dimension that is only possible because the body and the pleasure are denatured in its essence, and always related to presentation. According to Lacan, the pleasure principle functions as a restriction of pleasure, because the law is that dictates individual to enjoy as less as possible. At the same time, the individual is constantly trying to exceed the prohibitions directed at his/her pleasure, to go beyond the pleasure principle. That results in pain, since all that remains is just a small part of satisfaction that an individual can receive. This pain principle is called jouissance. Jouissance is thus linked to the sentence, organised neither in defiance of repressive agreements of humankind, nor through the violation of moral law, but through relationship with the law. Enjoyment is in itself imposed, ordered, because when we enjoy, we never do it spontaneously, but we always follow certain commands. Psychoanalytic term for these commands is Superego. Here we find one particular form of power, that leads to the law of language in which the force is associated with the performance. The relationship between law and the offence is such that legal rules exist not in order to „make a pressure“ or „prohibit“, but to produce their own exceptions, not to function, but to function in a wrong way, manifesting incompletenes of the law, lack of closure, element that destabilizes structural, symbolic totality. As a result, symbolic works merely on the basis of these exceptions, this unusual reminder, just like the rules somehow depend on the level of erroneous and perverse pleasure („the death instinct“ or „jouissance“). Freud explained the relationship between law and transgression in „Totem and Taboo“, presenting two forms of primordial father. It does not refer immediately to the terms or prohibitions of law, but reveals ancient division in which the law is associated with the perversion of law. Freud did not conceive desire as a natural fact that will become organised by the prohibitions. He actually showed that the origin is strictly and strongly mythical. One of the two aspects of father is the one that represents a limiting function of castration, while the other is the primordial father, the mythical figure who, before he was killed, possessed all the women and stood somewhere outside the law. His pleasure is unlimited, and he finds it in punishment.
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01.4.2012.
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(Ne)svijest o jednoj promjeni
Za one koji ovu kolumnu čitaju redovno (pri tome se ne misli samo na redoslijed objavljivanja nego i na pokušaj pronalaska veze između pojedinih tema), prethodna je vjerovatno bila nedorečena i nedovršena. To se posebno odnosi na populaciju kojoj je prvenstveno i namijenjena: mladi Bosanci&Hercegovci u potrazi za poslom. Šta je u pitanju? Osnovni problem – nepostojanje pravilnih procesa i metoda u procesu zapošljavanja kao i (zlo)upotreba preporuke – samo su osvijetljeni i pomenuti, bez navođenja konkretnog rješenja problema. S ciljem ublažavanja i „popravljanja“ pomenute greške (ako se može tako nazvati), kratko će se navesti moguća rješenja, bez pretjeranog nametanja „boljih“ i „praktičnijih“, jer to više nije cilj ove kolumne. Odabir najkvalitetnijeg kandidata (pažnja – „najkvalitetniji“ najčešće nije i „najpodobniji“ jer se taj bira prema drugim kriterijima), analiza posla, analiza radnog mjesta, povezivanje „najkvalitetnijeg“ sa odgovarajućim radnim mjestom, samo su neke od metoda koje primjenjuje organizacijski psiholog. Pri tome se ovdje ne pokušava favorizirati niti jedno zanimanje, nego prepustiti određeni posao za to prethodno obučenoj osobi. Dakle, rješenje problema leži u osnivanju ureda/kancelarija za upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima u okviru svake organizacije/privatne firme/državne službe. Prije nego se nadobudni čitalac zapita postoji li nešto slično u nekoj od zemalja Evropske unije, dobro je podsjetiti se da je reforma upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima jedan od ključnih preduvjeta za priključenje istoj, pa, prema tome, mnoštvo je literature koja svjedoči o postojanju ureda za upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima, (u okviru kojih radi tim psihologa), u EU zemljama. Problem sa kojim se mladi Bosanac&Hercegovac suočava nije nemogućnost organiziranja korektnih konkursnih procedura, nego nemogućnost prilagođavanja svijesti promjenama. Nemogućnost je riječ koja sa sobom donosi određenu dozu isključivosti pri čemu navodi na pomisao o nesposobnosti organiziranja i/ili shvatanja načina na koji se konkursna procedura može i treba odvijati. Međutim, u ovom slučaju se ne radi o nemogućnosti i nesposobnosti, nego o nedostatku volje i želje da se tako nešto uspostavi. Evropa kao takva, zamišljena u snu našeg Bosanca&Hercegovca, sklonište za sve, koje pripada nama i svima, sa sobom donosi i neke nove principe i postulate koje moramo da prihvatimo. To je ujedno i trenutak u kojem prestajemo da se pitamo da li je to nešto što mi za sebe želimo, nego trenutak u kojem počinjemo da djelujemo ne samo za sebe, nego i za svoje potomke, njihovu djecu, i ostatak planete. Svijest o nužnosti promjene prenula je Bosanca&Hercegovca iz njegovog dubokog, mirnog sna i dovela ga na ivicu poslije koje ne postoji ništa što bi ga moglo izvući iz mraka u koji je zapao, sem njega samoga. Možda zvuči čudno, ali prije bilo koje druge reforme u Bosni i Hercegovini potrebno je izvršiti reformu svijesti. U jednom trenutku je jako teško govoriti o mogućnostima reforme svijesti, jer, izgleda da je mrak u kojem pojedinci tumaraju jako dobro osmišljen i kao takav odgovarajući. U kolikoj mjeri će biti moguće razbiti mrak u kojem se nalazimo, ostaje da se vidi. Postalo je smiješno prebacivati odgovornost na vrijeme, jer ono nije spremno rješavati tuđe probleme. Ono je tu samo da ih prati. Iako ni ova kolumna nije ponudila ništa drugo sem nacrta rješenja problema pred kojim se nalazi većina mladih Bosanaca&Hercegovaca, ona je bar osvijetlila ključni problem koji uvijek stoji u pozadini onog kojeg pokušavmo riješiti. Sve dok se ne poradi na svijesti i shvatanju da mrak koji neki doživljavaju kao svoje svjetlo jednog dana lako može postati i njihova lična tama. Sve do tad će se naš Bosanac&Hercegovac buditi iz noćnih mora koje neće znati riješiti, a pronalazak posla bez „preporuke“ će se smatrati utopijom. U slučaju da i prijedlog naveden gore smatramo utopijom, možda ipak trebamo preispitati i svoju ličnu svijest. Ali ozbiljno, a ne u duhu prvoaprilskih šala.
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(Un)awareness of a Change
For those who read this column regularly (when it is not only an order of publication, but also the attempt to find connection between topics), the former is likely to be sketchy and incomplete. That is especially important for the population of the young Bosnian&Hercegovinian seeking for job. What is the matter? The main problem – lack of proper recruitment procedures and methods and the (mis)use of the „recommendation“ – were just enlightened and noted without providing specific solutions. In order to mitigate the „improvement“ of the aforementioned errors (if it can be called error), the possible solutions will be beriefly suggested, without imposing much „better“ and more „practical“ one since that is not the goal of this column. Selection of the best candidate (note – „the best“ is usually not the „best placed“ since the latter is elected by other criteria), job analysis, task analysis, finding the connection between „best candidate“ and her/his most „suitable“ job, are just some of the methods applied by organisational/occupational psychologist. Here is not important to favor any profession, but to leave the job to the well trained and educated person. So, the solution lies in the establishment of the offices for human resource management within each organisation/private company/public service. Before the aspiring reader asks whether something similar exists in any other European country, it is well to recall that the reform of human resource management is one of the key preconditions for EU membership, and, therefore, there are a lot of literature and references which can prove the existence of human resource management offices in EU countries (within which a team of psychologist). The problem of the young Bosnian&Herzegovinian is not impossibility of correctly organised recruitment and selection procedures, but the inability to adapt his/her awareness to change. The impossibility is a word that brings with it a certain amount of exclusivity in which it suggests an inability to organise and/or understand the ways in which the recruitment procedure can be performed. However, this case is not about the inability and incompetence, but a lack of will and desire to establish something. Europe as such, concieved in the dream of our Bosnian&Herzegovinian, is a shelter for all, which belongs to us and everyone, and also brings some new principles and postulates that we have to accept. It is also the moment in which we stop asking whether this is something we want for ourselves, but a moment in which we begin to act for our children, their children and the rest of the planet. Awareness of a change was startled Bosnian&Herzegovinian from his deep, peaceful sleep and brought him to the edge after that there is nothing which could drawn him/her out of the darkness, except himself/herself. It may sound wierd, but before any other reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is necessary to reform awareness. At one point, it is very difficult to talk about the possibilities of reform of awareness, because it seems that the darkness in which individuals roam is very well designed and appropriate. To what extent it will be possible to break the darkness in which we are, remains to be seen. It became ridiculous to blame the time, because it is not ready to deal with other people's problems. It is only there to accompany them. Although neither this column did not offer anything else except the draft solutions to problems facing the majority of Bosnians/Herzegovinians, it enlightened key unresolved issues. We must become aware that the darkness some people perceive as their personal light can easily become their own darkness. Untill then our Bosnian&Herzegovinian will be awaken from the unresolved nightmares, and he/she will think that to find a job without „recommendation“ is Utopia. In case that we consider the abovementioned proposal as Utopia, perhaps we need to review our personal awareness. But seriously, not in the spirit of „April 1st“.
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15.3.2012.
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Na pragu Evrope – između diplome i “preporuke”
Lapsus linguae ili nešto drugo Nakon što smo se upoznali sa problemima našeg glavnog junaka, Bosanca&Hercegovca i njegovog sna o Evropi, možemo početi sa osvrtom na glavne prepreke koje nas još uvijek drže daleko od evropskog praga. Kada kažemo da su mladi buduċnost ove zemlje, vjerovatno pri tome mislimo da nam je dužnost obezbijediti im uvjete pod kojima ċe svoje potencijale i znanja pokazati i iskoristiti u korist ove zemlje. Međutim danas ta ista buduċnost puni redove ispred biroa za zapošljavanje, a njihove diplome, zvanja i znanja kartone u prašnjavim ladicama istih. Ako brižnom čitaocu ovi redovi zvuče poznato ili u njima pronalazi svoj vlastiti odraz, neka se ne uplaši i ne ustukne poput našeg glavnog junaka, jer osvijetliti problem umnogome doprinosi njegovom rješenju. Ili bar naznaci rješenja. Dakle, krenimo od početka! Pretpostavimo da nekada vrijedni, nadobudni i hrabri student kruniše svoj rad diplomom ili, bolje rečeno, ulaznicom u svijet rada. Bitno je prije svega napomenuti da se ovaj tekst neċe baviti pitanjem kvaliteta obrazovanja, načina stjecanja diploma i sličnim problemima, buduċi da su oni predmet neke druge rasprave i nekog drugog konteksta. Dakle, bivši student je uzeo svoju diplomu ponijevši sa njom i sve svoje snove o karijeri, buduċnosti i promjenama i uputio se u jedan novi svijet, svijet rada, odgovornosti i manipulacija. Ova posljednja riječ zasigurno nije postojala u njegovom riječniku do tada, ali ċe je, kroz bitku za egzistenciju, jako dobro upoznati. Trenutak u kojem se prijavite na biro za zapošljavanje je zapravo onaj u kojem postavljate sebe ispred jednog kratkog pitanja sa teškim odgovorom: Kako do posla? U tom momentu naš hrabri bivši student shvata da, iako je tačno odgovorio na mnogo teža pitanja, sada treba da riješi jedno teško, mučno i egzistencijalno. Iako bi trebalo biti u potpunosti drugačije, danas postoje tri odgovora na postavljeno pitanje: 1. rodbinskim vezama; 2. “kupovinom/plaćanjem” radnog mjesta; 3. “preporukom”. Kako su prva dva odgovora (iako netačna i omalovažavajuća za samopoštovanje i dostojanstvo) jasna sama po sebi, te stoga ne zahtijevaju dodatno obrazloženje, potrebno je dotaći se trećeg koji, da nije naglašen, ne bi bi predstavljao ništa nekorektno niti neophodno za obrazlaganje. Naime, danas, u vremenu harmoniziranja zakonodavstva sa evropskom pravnom tekovinom, u vremenu približavanja evropskim vrijednostima dostojanstva, očuvanja ljudskih prava, jednakosti i jednakih uvjeta za sve, u procesu zapošljavanja naš student se susreće sa teškim ispitom zvanim PREPORUKA. Ali šta ona podrazumijeva? „Preporuku bi trebao za nju/njega napisati bivši profesor, možda čak i mentor, te pri tome jasno obrazložiti njene/njegove kvalitete, sposobnosti, osobine ličnosti i sve ostale karakteristike za koje smatra da će budućem poslodavcu biti važne i koristiti u procesu odabira najboljeg kandidata za određeno radno mjesto.“ Odgovor tačan, ali nevažeći. Nažalost. Preporuka, u onom obliku u kojem se danas koristi ne podrazumijeva nikakav pisani trag, štaviše, grozi se ostavljanja tragova na papiru. Ona također ne uključuje ni obrazlaganje sposobnosti, kvaliteta i osobina ličnosti, jer osoba koja ju prenosi ne shvata značenje tih termina. Ne uključuje ni potpis relevantne osobe, poput bivšeg profesora i mentora, jer u ovom slučaju nije bitno poznavanje akademskog uspjeha kandidatkinje/kandidata – bitna je samo njena/njegova podobnost prema kriterijima koji ne uključuju niti jednu sposobnosti i/ili osobinu koja bi se (kada govorimo o metodama i tehnikama odabira najpovoljnijeg kandidata, koje se oslanjaju na dostignuća iz oblasti organizacijske psihologije) mogla smatrati pouzdanim i valjanim prediktorom buduće uspješnosti kandidatkinje/kandidata na tom određenom radnom mjestu. Možda ovo kratko obrazloženje danas vrlo popularnog termina preporuka nekom izgleda u potpunosti nepovezivo sa pojmom Evrope i pridruživanjem Evropskoj uniji, ali, zapravo je jako bitno. Potrebno je znati da je reforma oblasti upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima (što podrazumijeva i metode analize radnog mjesta, analize posla, odabir kandidata, metode odabira kandidata itd.) jedan od ključnih preduvjeta za pridruživanje Evropskoj uniji prema Acquis communautaire. Također, s ciljem opravdavanja važnosti usmene „preporuke“ njeni „korisnici“ se pozivaju na „zemlje članice Evropske unije u kojima je to sasvim obična, normalna i svakodnevna stvar“. Pri tome bi trebali znati da ta ista preporuka ima mnogo veći značaj u Evropskoj uniji, jer podrazumijeva jasno opisane sposobnosti, kvalitete i osobine kandidatkinje/kandidata, od strane osobe koja je u tom slučaju relevantna za pisanje iste (pod tim se podrazumijeva da poznaje osobu kao bivšu studenticu/studenta, bivšeg uposlenika, a ne kao kao nekog o kome je čuo od neke treće, četvrte ili pete osobe koja je to sve opet prenijela iz sumnjivih razloga). Također, ta ista pismena preporuka se predaje kandidatkinji/kandidatu u zatvorenoj koverti, u kojoj će je dobiti samo oni kojima je upućena. I koji će je čitati i analizirati, jer posjeduju znanja neophodna za adekvatan odabir najpovoljnijeg kandidata. A to je nešto što se stiče školovanjem, a ne usmenim predanjem. Stojeći na pragu Evrope, između diplome i preporuke, naš student se pita: „Gdje će nas dovesti ovaj lapsus linguae?“ Odgovor je: „U Evropsku uniju, zasigurno, ne.“
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On the Doorstep of Europe –
Between Graduation and „Recommendation“ Lapsus linguae or something else Once we know the problems with our main character, Bosnian&Herzegovinian and his dream of Europe, we can begin with a review of the major obstacles that are still keeping us away from the European threshold. When we say that the young people are the future of this country, perhaps we have in mind that it is our duty to provide them with the conditions under which their potentials and knowlegde will be demonstrated and used for the benefit of this country. But today these young people are standing in from of the offices for the employment, and their diplomas, titles and knowledge are just recorded in dusty drawers of the same offices. If a careful reader of these lines find herself/himself familiar with it, or find her/his own reflection in it, she/he should not be afraid and should not flinch like our main character, because the enlightement of problem greately contributes to its solution. Or at least indicates the decision. So, let's start from the beginning! Suppose that once diligent, brave and aspiring student has crowned his work by the diploma or, to say it in a better way, by a ticket to the world of work. It is important to note that this text will not address the questions of the quality of education, graduation and similar problems, since they are the subject of another debate and another context. Thus, a former student took her/his diploma and brought with it all her/his dreams of a career, future and changes and went to a new world, the world of work, responsibilities, and manipulation. This last word certainly did not exist in her/his glossary until then, but she/he will become familiar with it during the battle for existence. The moment in which you register in the employment office is actually the one in which you set yourself in from of a short question with difficult answer: „How to find the job?“ At this moment our brave former student understands that although she/he answered correctly to the much harder questions, now she/he needs to solve a difficult, painful and existential one. Although it should be completely different, today exists three answers to the set question: 1. by „kinship connections“; 2. by “purchase/payment” for job; 3. by “recommendation”. As the first two answers (although inaccurate and insulting to the dignity and self-esteem) are clear in themselves, and therefore require no further explanation, it is important to mention the third one, which, in case it was not emphasized, would not present something incorrect and explanation-seeking. Today, in time of the harmozation of legislation with the European acquis, in the time in which we are trying to approach the European values of dignity, the preservation of human rights, equality and equal opportunities for all, in the process of hiring our student is faced with a tough exam called RECOMMENDATION. But what does it entail? „The recommendation should be written by a former professor, maybe even a mentor, who will thereby clearly explain her/his qualities, abilities, personality characteristics that will future employer consider as important and that will be used in the process of selection of best candidate for particular job.“ The answer is correct, but invalid. Unfortunately. Recommendation, in the form in which it is used today, does not imply any written evidence, moreover, it dreads leaving any traces on the paper. It also does not include any explanation of abilities, qualities and personality characteristcs, because the person who writes it does not understand the meaning of these terms. It also does not include a signature of a relevant person, such as former professors and mentors, as in this case it is not important to be well introduced to candidate's academic success – only her/his eligibility under the criteria which does not include any ability and/or trait that (when we talk about methods and techniques for selection of the best candidates, which rely on advances in the field of organisational psychology) can be considered reliable and valid predictor of the future success of the candidate at that particular workplace. Perhaps this is a very short explanation of today very popular term „recommendation“ and it seems entirely unconnectable with the concept of Europe and European Union accession, but in fact it is very important. It is necessary to know that the reform area of human resource management (which includes job analysis, selsction, methods of selecting candidates, etc.) is one of the key preconditions for European Union accession according to Acquis communautaire. Also, in order to justify the importance of oral „recommendation“ its „users“ like to mention „European Union member states in which it is quite ordinary, normal and everyday thing“. In doing so, they should know that the same recommendation has much greater significance in the European union, as it implies clearly described abilities, qualities and traits of the candidate, provided by a person who is relevant in this case to write it (this implies that the person who is writing recommendation knows candidates as her/his former student or employee, rather than as someone on whom he had heard from somebody else, and that one has heard from somebody else who said that on the ground of suspicious reasons). Also, the same written recommendation is submitted to the candidate/applicant in a sealed envelope, which will be opened only by those whom it is addressed. And that will be the persons who will read and analyse it, because they posses knowledge necessary for an adequate selection of the winning candidate. And this is somenthing that is acquired through education, not the oral tradition. Standing on the doorstep of Europe, between graduation and recommendation, our student asks: „Where will this lapsus linguae lead us?“ The answer is: „The European Union, certainly not.“
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01.3.2012.
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Kulturni i umjetnički ekosistem za jednu novu Evropu
Prema definiciji, ekosistem predstavlja biotop naseljen organizmima i njihovim zajednicama, u kojem se neprestano formira primarna biomasa, koju zatim troše i razgrađuju heterotrofni potrošači. U svjetlu prethodne definicije, kulturni i umjetnički ekosistem za kreativnu Evropu predstavljao bi jedinstveni instrument koji omogućava kulturi i umjetnosti da ojačaju solidarnost i eksperimentiraju sa inovativnim društvenim i ekonomskim modelima. Zamišljena kao takva, jedinstvena Evropa postaje oaza umjetnosti, širenja i razmjene znanja, kulturnih i duhovnih vrijednosti. Inicijativa koja zaslužuje samo čestitke, ali i potrebu da se malo vratimo na našeg Bosanca&Hercegovca i njegov san o jedinstvu, ljubavi i poštovanju. Kada već govorimo o jedinstvu i ujedinjenosti, kako u duhu tako i u kulturi i umjetnosti, teško je ne pomenuti redove ranije posvećene tom istom fenomenu. Iako ovo nije osvrt pun sentimentalnosti (niti postoji potreba za njim), ipak postoji čežnja da se budućnost sagleda kroz jednu priču iz prošlosti, jedan sasvim kratki osvrt na ujedinjenost različitosti i kulture iz zanimljivog adolescentskog ugla. Dakle, jedan mali dio te priče izgleda ovako: „Riječi su nedovoljne da bi se dočarala svježina i raskoš koju u sebi nosi svako pravo umjetničko djelo. Negdje između stihova, nota i boje kriju se davne uspomene umotane u šarene snove sjećanja. Ma koliko i ma gdje pokušavali pobjeći, njihov korak je uvijek brži i snažniji. Nije teško zaključiti da su baš te uspomene što žubore u magli onaj kamenčić na koji se spotaknemo svaki put kada odlučimo krenuti dalje. Veliki umjetnici su slavljeni ne samo zato što su uspjeli oživjeti svoja sjećanja, nego i zato što su uspjeli pronaći put koji vodi ka ujedinjenju prošlosti i budućnosti. Sintagma „univerzalne životne istine“, dobro poznata kako kritičaru tako i učeniku na času lektire, govori o jednoj jedinstvenoj tački u kojoj se sjedinjuju tri različita vremenska perioda, tri velike prekretnice: prošlost, sadašnjost i budućnost. Na prelazu iz jedne u drugu, na toj trnovitoj stazi, smjestile su se rime i taktovi, da zajedno boje portret života... ...Kažu da mašta postaje stvarnost onog trenutka kada počnemo da je živimo, a ne sanjamo. Život je danas izgubljen u magli svakodnevnice, a snovi su postali kist kojim crtamo nikad dovršene karikature prošlosti. Zaključani između onog što je bilo i onog što se sada dešava, ljudi nisu u mogućnosti da pronađu ključ od vrata života. Jako je teško predstaviti trenutak u kojem su nestali entuzijazam i želja, a rodila se mutna gorčina nedovršenog poteza. Možda su ga sa sobom odnijele godine užasa, koje su ostavile jasan trag na životnom portretu. Taj trag je ono što u sebi nosi svaki stanovnik Bosne i Hercegovine, a samo su rijetki oni koji su nakon njega pronašli nove poteze i nastavili živjeti svoje lično umjetničko djelo. Jer život je umjetnost, a to zavisi samo od oka promatrača... Upoznati druge i otključati zidove njihovih tvrđava, put je koji vodi ka otkrivanju sebe, svojih vlastitih vrijednosti i sklonosti. Veliki Van Gogh je jednom prilikom izjavio: „Nema plave bez žute i bez narandžaste“ (Walther, I.F., Metzger, R., 2006). Te su riječi sigurno plod trenutka u kojem su nastali najbolji potezi kistom ovog čuvenog slikara. Vjerovatno tada nije bio ni svjestan da svako ulje na platnu predstavlja jedan život koji treba otkriti i upoznati. I kao što ni njegove slike ne bi bile to što jesu, niti bi ikada dospjele u najpoznatije svjetske muzeje da različite boje na njima nisu ujedinjene, tako ni stanovnici Bosne i Hercegovine nikada neće proširiti svoje granice i vidike dok ne postignu jedinstvo na portretu života. ...Ovoj zemlji nikada nisu ni bile potrebne takve riječi, jer je raznovrsnost njenih predjela uvijek odavala najljepšu sliku. Ne postoji ništa što bi riječima moglo dočarati njenu ljepotu, jer, kao što je već rečeno, riječi su nedovoljne kada se radi o umjetničkom djelu velike vrijednosti. Nije potrebno objašnjavati koliko je teško pomoći ljudima da napuste svoje „tvrđave“ i okrenu se jedni drugima. Često nije lako ni shvatiti načine na koje oni sami to uspijevaju. Ali sigurno je da svaki stanovnik Bosne i Hercegovine ime svoj lični, mali, skriveni ključ koji otvara vrata života. Život nije nestao na ovim prostorima, on je samo zaključan negdje na granici prošlosti i sadašnjosti, na tankoj liniji koju se mnogi boje preći, jer nisu sigurni kuda ih ona vodi. Hrabrost ima onoliko definicija koliko ima ljudi, ali bi se većina mogla složiti sa jednom. To je sposobnost priznavanja vlastitih nedostataka i spremnost za njihovo ispravljanje. Svaki je čovjek ogledalo u kojim se možemo vidjeti i shvatiti koliko smo slični u svojoj različitosti. I koliko trebamo druge da bismo mogli pronaći načine za vlastitu korekciju. Možda zvuči jednostavno, ali to je ipak naš životni zadatak, kojem pristupamo onog trenutka kada s prvim plačem udahnemo i prve atome snage. Ljudi su mnogo jači nego što to misle o sebi, jači čak i od onih ledenih zidova iza kojih se skrivaju od sadašnjosti i budućnosti. Uspjeh se ne postiže bijegom od stvarnosti i onoga što nas sve okružuje. Tako nikada nećemo dovršiti svoj portret. Griješe oni koji misle da je umjetnost samo bijeg. Ona je način da se iznese sve ono što bi na bilo koji drugi način bilo nemoguće prenijeti. I samo se skladom različitih boja, nota i riječi tako nešto može ostvariti. Ljepota se krije u trenutku, potrebno je samo znati gledati na pravi način. I slušati. Otvoriti sva osjetila ka spoljašnjosti, onome što nas okružuje, ljudima oko nas... Ne postoji ništa što bi nas moglo spriječiti da živimo svoje vlastito umjetničko djelo. Jer to je jedini način da pronađemo davno izgubljeni ključ svoje sopstvene tvrđave, upoznamo druge i kroz njih sebe. To je staza kojom Bosna i Hercegovina treba ići. Tako se stiže do zvijezda...“ Da li se ovako zaista može stići do zvijezda, nepoznato je... Ipak, zanesenost treba oprostiti ako se tiče mladalačkih ideala. U svakom slučaju, ovo treba shvatiti kao poziv na pridruženje jednom novom, jedinstvenom ekosistemu umjetnosti, kulture i poštovanja. Nas samih, naših susjeda i svih ljudi. Jedino tako možemo stvoriti jedan jedinstveni ekosistem kulture. Jedino tako naš Bosanac&Hercegovac, naš glavni junak, može početi stvarati jedan jedinstveni prostor za sve, prostor za koji se živi, radi i uživa u stvorenom. Idealistično? Možda. Neizvodivo? Nikako. Odsanjano? Svake minute. Provedeno u djelo? Pokušajmo... Ujedinjeni u različitosti... Sretno!
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Cultural and Artistic Ecosystem for One New Europe
By definition, ecosystem represents space inhabited by organisms and their communities, space in which primary biomass is formed, decomposed and consumed by heteroptrophic consumers. In light of the previous definition, cultural and creative ecosystem of Europe would be unique instrument that allows culture and arts to strenghten solidarity and to experiment with innovative social and economic model. Conceived as such, Europe is becoming a unique oasis of art, knowledge sharing, cultural and spiritual values. This initiative deserves only congratulations, but it also deserves short reminder of our Bosnian&Hercegovinian and dream on unity, love and respect. When we speak of unity and unification, both in spirit, culture and art, it is difficult not to mention words previously dedicated to the same phenomenon. Although this is not a review of sentimentality, there is a desire to percieve the future through a past story on unity and diversity from one interesting, adolescent angle. Thus, a small part of this story looks like this: „Words are simply not enough to describe the freshness and lavishness of a true work of art. Somewhere in between verses, notes and paints, some old memories hide, wrapped in colourful dreams of rememberance. No matter how hard and where we try to escape, their stride is always quicker and stronger. It is not hard to conclude that those memories murmuring in the mist are that tiny stone on which we stumble each time we decide to move on. Great artists are revered not only for making their memories alive, but also for finding the path that leads to integration of the past and the future. The syntagm “universal truth of life”, well known both to the critics and students of literature, speaks about a single point where three different times merge, three great turning points: past, present, and future. It is in this interface among them, on a path full of thorns, where the rhymes and strokes meet to paint the portrait of life together... ...They say that imagination becomes reality the moment we begin to live it, instead of dreaming it. Life today is lost in the fog of daily life, and dreams have become the paint brush we use to draw never finished caricatures of the past. Locked between what had been and what is now, people are unable to find the key to their lives. It is very hard to pinpoint the moment when enthusiasm and desire had gone, and the dim bitterness of the unfinished stroke was born. Perhaps the years of horror took them away, the years that had left a clear mark on the portrait of life. This mark is something each person in Bosnia and Herzegovina carries within, and only a few manage to find the right moves and continue living their own work of art. Because life is art, and that depends on the eye of beholder... Getting to know others and unlock the walls of their fortresses is the path that leads to discovering oneself, one’s own values and inclinations. The great Van Gogh once said “there is no blue without yellow or without orange” (Walther, I.F., Metzger, R., 2006). Those words are probably the fruit of the moment when this famous artist made his best strokes. Probably, at the time, he was not even aware that every oil painting is a life that needs to be discovered and understood. His paintings would not be what they are now, they would not be in the best museums of the world, if the colours on them were not united; similarly, the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina will never expand their boundaries and horizons until they reach this unity in the portrait of life... This country has never needed words like that, because the variety of its landscapes makes the most beautiful painting. There are no words that could bring alive its beauty, as has already been said, words are insufficient when it comes to works of art of great value. It is not necessary to explain how difficult it is to help people leave their “fortresses” and turn to one another. Often, it is hard enough to understand how they ever manage to do this. But, surely, each person in Bosnia and Herzegovina has their personal, tiny, hidden key that opens the door of life. Life has not gone from this land, it is only locked somewhere in between past and present, on the thin line that many are afraid to cross because they are not sure where it leads to. Courage has as many definitions as there are people, but most would agree with this one: it is the ability to admit one’s own faults and willingness to improve them. Each man is the mirror where we can see ourselves and see how similar we are in our diversity. And how much we need others to be able to find the ways to improve ourselves. Perhaps it may sound oversimplified, but this is our life task , which we approach at the moment when we take the first breath with the first cry, and with the first strength we gain. People are much stronger than they think; they are stronger even than the ice walls behind which they are hiding from the present and from the future. Success can not be achieved by hiding away from reality and what is around us. That is not the way to finish our portrait. Those who think that art is just an escape are wrong. Art is the way to expose all those things that could not be shown otherwise. Only in the harmony of diverse colours, notes or words can something like that be done. Beauty is hidden in a moment; you just need to know how to look at it the right way. And listen. Open all senses to what is around us, people around us… There is nothing that could stop us from living our own art. Because that is the only way to find the long-lost key to our own fortress, to get to know others, and through them, ourselves. This is the path Bosnia and Herzegovina has to take. This is how you reach the stars...“ Is it possible to reach the stars by these words? That is unknown. However, passion should be forgiven if it relates to youthful idelas. In any case, this should be understood as an invitation to join a new, unique ecosystem of art, culture and respect. Towards ourselves, our neighbours and all people. Only then we can create a unique ecosystem of culture. That is the only way for our Bosnia&Herzegovinian, our main character, to start creating one unique space for all, space for which we live, work and enjoy. Idealistic? Maybe. Impractical? Not at all. Dreamed? Every minute. Carried into practice? Let's try... United in diversity? Good luck!
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15.2.2012.
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Mnoštvo pravila,
nekoliko reformi i jedna misija „Doċi ċe dan u kojem više neċe biti borbi nego samo otvorena tržišta i umovi otvoreni za ideje. Doċi ċe dan u kojem ċe metke i bombe zamijeniti glasovi, univerzalno pravo glasa pod nadzorom časnog senata koji ċe za Evropu biti ono što je Parlament za Englesku i zakonodavna skupština za Francusku. Doċi ċe dan kada ċe top biti muzejski eksponat, a ne oružje za uništenje. I tada ċemo biti iznenađeni činjenicom da su te stvari uopċe postojale nekada! Doċi ċe dan kada ċemo vidjeti dvije velike grupe, Ujedinjene Američke države i Ujedinjene Evropske države, usmjerene jedne ka drugoj, pružajuċi ruke preko mora, razmjenjujuċi proizvode, umjetnost, djela genija, obasjavajuċi panetu, čineċi pustinje plodnim, slaveċi postanak pred očima Stvoritelja, udružujuċi za dobro svih dvije beskrajne sile, bratstvo među ljudima i moċ Božiju.“ Victor Hugo Ovo bi trebao biti nastavak priče o malom Bosancu i Hercegovcu i njegovom snu. Ali, kao što je ranije zaključeno, živjeti u periodu u kojem i snovi zahtjevaju pravilnike nije jednostavno, posebno ukoliko ne poznajemo njihov cilj i svrhu. Zbog toga je i potrebno početi ovu priču od kraja, odnosno, objasniti porijeklo pravila koja su i dovela do njenog nastanka... O porijeklu pravila ili kako se boriti sa viškom užitka Osnovna misija Evropske unije može se sažeti na sljedeći način:
Jedna od osnovnih ideja Evropske unije jeste da građani njenih država članica mogu slobodno živjeti, putovati i raditi u bilo kojoj evropskoj državi. Naravno, kada tu ideju stavimo u kontekst sna koji je probudio našeg malog Bosanca &Hercegovca dobijemo jednu u potpunosti drugačiju sliku. Naime, svaka promjena podrazumijeva određeno odstupanje od do tada usvojenih pravila. Upravo ta devijacija od uobičajenog je ono što je pridonijelo iluziji noćne more. Jedan od ključnih preduvjeta priključivanja Evropskoj uniji je djelovanje na polju reformi u okviru različitih oblasti (poput javne uprave, finansija, poljoprivrede, upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima, informacionih tehnologija, politika itd.), a na osnovu zadataka iz Acquis Communautaire. Reforma kao takva podrazumijeva okončavanje jednog načina života, rada, djelovanja, i početak jednog u potpunosti novog sistema. To naravno mnogo znači i za sistem vrijednosti, budući da Evropska unija podrazumijave poštivanje i prihvatanje Drugog i drugačijeg. Ta ista reforma, u svom svom završnom izdanju, pojavila se u sadržaju sna Bosanca sa početka priče. I, naravno, u njegovoj svijesti zatočenoj trenutnim zbivanjima pretvorila se u najgoru noćnu moru. Živjeti prema pravilima ne znači nužno povinovati se svakom, nego naprotiv, to znači pokušati živjeti i uživati uprkos njima. Višak užitka ili, Lacanovim riječima, jouissance, odražava se kroz djelovanje protiv pravila, neprekidno izbjegavanje bola i nelagode, ili, u ovom kontekstu, bijeg od promjene koja podrazumijeva nova pravila, novu prilagodbu, novi bijeg. Detaljnijim čitanjem Kafkine pripovijetke „U kažnjeničkoj koloniji“ (1919.), shvatamo da je pisac nastojao opisati disciplinsku matricu na kojoj se „zapis“ na tijelu manifestira i može biti mapiran. Foucault je naglasio da „uvijek postoji nešto u društvenom tijelu, u klasama, grupama i individuama, samim tim što na neki način uspijeva izbjeći odnose moći, nešto što je bez sumnje više ili manje pokorna ili reaktivna istinska stvar, prije centrifugalni pokret, obrnuta energija, pražnjenje... plebejskih osobina ili aspekata.“ (M. Foucault, 1980). Slično tome, „pražnjenje“ starih običaja, osobina i vrijednosti dogodilo se i u prethodnom primjeru, u kojem nije riječ o djelovanju u pravcu reforme, nego uprkos njoj. I to je početak jednog novog sistema, početak jednog novog sna u kojem su promjene neminovne. O tim je promjenama govorio Victor Hugo, onog trena kada je pisao o Ujedinjenim Evropskim državama, prestanku ratova i bratstvu među ljudima. Za taj cilj vrijedi sanjati i prihvatiti trenutno, prilično iracionalno stanje (kartezijanski govoreći): nije na nama da proizvodimo um, ali kada smo ga jednom uvidjeli u osnovi stvari, ne preostaje nam ništa drugo nego da u svijetu djelujemo i mislimo. Može se još dodati i nešto što je sigurno pomislio i Bosanac&Hercegovac, glavni junak ove priče, u trenu kada se probudio iz sna o pravilima, promjenama i reformama: ostalo nam je da za svijet djelujemo i mislimo.
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A Variety of Rules,
Several Reforms and One Mission „A day will come when there will be no battlefields, but markets opening to commerce and minds opening to ideas. A day will come when the bullets and bombs are replaced by votes, by universal suffrage, by the venerable arbitration of a great supreme senate which will be to Europe what Parliament is to England and the Legislative Assembly to France. A day will come when a cannon will be a museum-piece, as instruments of torture are today. And we will be amazed to think that these things once existed! A day will come when we shall see those two immense groups, the United States of America and the United States of Europe, facing one another, stretching out their hands across the sea, exchanging their products, their arts, their works of genius, clearing up the globe, making deserts fruitful, ameliorating creation under the eyes of the Creator, and joining together, to reap the well-being of all, these two infinite forces, the fraternity of men and the power of God.“ (Victor Hugo) This should be a continuation of the story of a small Bosnian&Herzegovinian and his dream. But, as previously concluded, to live in the period in which the dreams require rules is not easy, especially if their goal and purpose are unknown. Therefore it is necessary to begin from the end of this story, or to explain the origins of rules which led to its creation... The origins of the rules or how to cope with an excess of pleasure The primary mission of the European Union can be summarized as follows:
One of the basic ideas of the European Union is that the citizens of its member states are free to live, work and travel in any European country. Of course, when we put this idea in the context of dream that woke up our little Bosnian &Herzegovinian, then it get a completely different frame. Specifically, any change implies a certain deviation from the previously adopted rules. It is this deviation from the normal that contributed to the illusion of nightmares. One of the key preconditions for the European Union membership is reform in different areas (such as public administration, finance, agriculture, human resource management, information technology, politics, etc.), based on the tasks proposed by Acquis Communautaire. Reform as such implies ending of one lifestyle and the onset of an entirely new system. This means a lot for the system of values, since the European Union defaults respect and acceptance of Other. The same reform in its final edition appeared in the dream of Bosnian from the beginning of the story. And, of course, current events, imprisoned in his mind turned into the worst nightmare. To live in accordance with the rules does not necessarily require compliance, but contrary, it marks the attempt to live and enjoy in spite of them. Excess of pleasure, or, in Lacanian words, joiussance, is reflected through the actions against the rules, constant avoidance of pain and discomfort, or, in this context, the escape of change that involves new rules, new adaptation, and the new escape. Detailed reading of Kafka's short story „In the Penal Colony“ (1919) detects that the author tried to describe the disciplinary matrix in which the „record“ from the body manifests itself and can be mapped. Foucault said that „there is always something in the social body, in classes, groups and individuals, something that by virtues manages to avoid the relations of power, something which is undoubtly more or less obedient or reactive real thing, the centrifugal motion, reverse energy, emptying of plebeian attributes.“ (Foucault, 1980). Similarly, the „emptying“ of old customs, traits and values that occurred in the previous example is not an action towards reform, but despite it. And this is the beginning of a new system, the beginning of a new dream in which changes are inevitable. That is the change Victor Hugo wrote about, when he mentioned United European countries, the end of wars and unity of people. That aim is worth of dreaming and acceptance of temporary, quite irrational state (in Descartes words): it is not up to us to produce mind, but once when we consider the essence, nothing else remain but to act and think in this world. One can even add something similar to the thoughts of our Bosnian&Hercegovinian, the hero of this story, when he woke up from the dream on rules, changes and reforms: we are here to act and think for this world. | ||||
1.2.2012.
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OD MITA DO STVARNOSTI (I OBRNUTO)
Mit o Evropi i jednom snu Jedne je noċi Evropa sanjala čudan san. Dva kontinenta, u obliku dvije žene, pregovarala su o njoj. Azija je tvrdila kako joj Evropa rođenjem pripada, dok je drugi, bezimeni kontinent, rekao kako ona pripada isključivo i samo velikom bogu Zeusu. Uznemirena snom, Evropa nije mogla zaspati, nego je pozvala prijateljice, plemenite kċeri, da u njihovom društvu odagna zle misli beruċi cvijeċe na obali. U tom trenutku nije ni slutila da je iz daljine promatra veliki Zeus. Nije poznato da li je istinska zaljubljenost ili samo magija Amorove strijele nagnalo Zeusa da se, prerušen u lijepog bijelog bika, približi Evropi. Ta transformacija o kojoj ċe Ovidije detaljno pisati u “Metamorfozama”, privuċi ċe njenu pažnju. Nedugo potom, zlatokosa Evropa uputit ċe se na leđima bijelog bika prema Kreti, gdje ċe nastaviti živjeti svoj san. Da li zbog mita ili iz drugih razloga, jedan kontinent je dobio ime po lijepoj Evropi. Za razliku od njenog odsanjanog i ispunjenog sna, drugi su se neostvareni snovi tek rodili i nastavili da muče umorne duše željne promjena. Evropa danas, kao kontinent i geografsko prostranstvo, ima mnogo neodsanjanih snova i još više transformacija. Trenutno je najviše čežnji onih malih ljudi koji još uvijek čekaju unutar njenih granica, na različitim geografskim prostranstvima tih istih granica, ali opet izvan njih, prizivajuċi dobro poznate riječi: uvjeti, ispunjenje, pridruženje, članstvo. Ti isti ljudi žive i u onom dijelu kontinenta nazvanom Balkanski poluotok, u zemlji zvanoj Bosna i Hercegovina. San o članstvu u Evropskoj uniji je onaj iz kojeg mnogi od njih ne žele da se probude, ali moraju, jer još uvijek nisu naučili sanjati na pravi način. A danas i snovi imaju pravilnike. Pa, da krenemo iz početka. San o Evropi Jedne je noċi jedan Bosanac usnio čudan san. U tom su ga snu okruživale riječi u različitim oblicima, riječi sa ljudskim licima koja upozoravaju, govore, mole… Negdje u ponoċ, ne znajuċi da li se nalazi na javi ili u snu, osjetio je kako ga neka čudna hladnoċa prožima. U istom trenutku našao se sam i napušten ispred tri velika stuba koja su se protezala do neba. Ne shvatajuċi gdje se nalazi niti šta mu se može dogoditi u tom (ne)sretnom trenutku, počeo je tražiti izlaz i dozivati u pomoċ. Naizgled bezizlazni čas prekinut je buđenjem. Ili se bar njemu tako činilo. Shvativši da je okružen samo poznatim stvarima, te da nema razloga za brigu i paniku, odlučio je mirno nastaviti spavati, ubijedivši samoga sebe kako je loš san uvijek samo posljedica jednako loših dnevnih zbivanja. I po prvi put je bio upravu. Samo što se u ovom slučaju nije radilo samo o lošim “dnevnim” dešavanjima, nego je problem bio još dublji, dalji i složeniji. San o Evropi i san o usamljenom Bosancu koji korača prema Evropskoj uniji pokušavajuċi prevaziċi prepreke davno je ispričana priča na ovom prostoru. Biti jedan mali šetač na tabli popločanoj neispunjenim zahtjevima i neodgovorenim pitanjima misao je koja zaokuplja zainteresiranu manjinu, ali i indiferentnu veċinu. “Poznato mi je koje uvjete moramo ispuniti, znam čak i sve ono što piše u Acquis Communautaire, znam historijsku pozadinu i pravnu osnovu ali… Zbog čega? Čemu sve to vodi? Šta je to iznad zakona, iznad pravila, iznad uvjeta i rokova? Šta je to za čim težim i šta mi može donijeti? I najvažnije: koje su to vrijednosti koje moram upoznati?” Slična pitanja prate i našeg Bosanca sa početka priče od onog trenutka u kojem ga je obuhvatila snažna hladnoċa usamljenosti pred susretom sa neostvarivim. A ovo i jeste priča o tome, o neostvarenim vrijednostima, neispunjenim uvjetima, zaboravljenim snagama i moguċnostima njihovog ispunjenja. Od mita do stvarnosti, od sna do jave, kroz priču o običnom malom čovjeku i tri stuba doċi ċe se do naše osnovne ovozemaljske uloge posveċenosti i borbe za ljudska prava i moralne vrijednosti. A to je trenutno zaboravljena uloga koja se pripisuje drugima, a nikada nama samima. Zbog toga griješimo i kada sanjamo. Da je znala Evropa, sigurno se nikada ne bi probudila iz svoga sna. Zato neka ova priča o malom čovjeku i velikoj zemlji započne. “Jer taj život, to je san, a san su i sami snovi…” (Pedro Calderon de la Barca)
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FROM MYTH TO REALITY (AND VICE VERSA)
Myth of Europa and One Dream One night Europa had a strange dream. Two continents, which were in the forms of women, were arguing over her. Asia claimed that since Europa had been born in Asia she belonged to it, while the other, nameless continent, said that she only belonged to the great god Zeus. Disturbed by the dream, Europa could not fall asleep anymore, therefore she called her friends, who were all daughters of nobility, and they went off gathering flowers and repelling evil thoughts on the coast. At that moment she could not even imagine that great Zeus was watching her from a distance. It is not known whether it was true love or just magic Amor’s arrow that forced Zeus to appear to Europa as a beautiful white bull. This transformation attracted her attention and later it was described in Ovid’s “Metamorphoses”. Shortly afterwards, sitting on the back of a white bull, gold-haired Europa went to Crete, where she continued to live her dream. Was it the myth or some other reason, but one of the continents was named after the beautiful Europa. Unlike her experienced and fulfilled dream, the other dreams have just been born and have continued to plague weary souls seeking for a change. Europe today, as a continent and geographic area, contains a plenty of inexperienced dreams and even more transformations. Currently the biggest aspiration of those little people who are still waiting within its boundaries, in different geographic areas within the same borders, but beyond them, is contained in the following well-known words: conditions, fulfillment, integration, membership. These people are living in the part of the continent called Balkan peninsula, in a country called Bosnia and Herzegovina. The dream of European Union membership is one from which many of them do not want to wake up, but they have to, since we still have not learned to dream in the right way. And now even the dreams have rules. Let’s start from the beginning. The Dream of Europe One night one Bosnian had a strange dream. In this dream, he was surrounded by the words, which were in different forms, with human faces that started to warn, tell, pray ... Around midnight, without even knowing whether he was awaken or asleep, he had experience of being saturated by some weird coldness. At the same moment he found himself alone and abandoned in front of three large pillars, which stretched to the sky. Not realizing where he was or what could happen in that (un)lucky moment, he began to seek out and shout for help. Seemingly hopeless moment was interrupted by waking. Or at least it seemed so. After realizing that he was surrounded by well-known things only, and that there was no reason to worry and panic, he decided to pursue a peaceful sleep, convincing himself that the bad dreams could only be result of bad daily events. And for the first time he was right. But in this case, it was not just result of bad daily events, since the problem was even deeper, more complex and more different. The dream of Europa and the dream of a lonely Bosnian marching towards the European Union and trying to overcome obstacles are well-known stories in this area. Being a small walker on a board paved by unfulfilled needs and unanswered questions is a thought that occupies minds of an interested minority, but also the minds of the indifferent majority. “I know what conditions we must fulfill, I know even what is written in the Acquis Communautaire, I know the historical background and legal basis, but ... Why? Where are all these things leading us? What is above the law, above the rules, what kind of terms and conditions are there? What is the most difficult problem and what can we do in order to solve it? And most important: what are the values that we have to get acquainted with?” Similar questions accompanied the mind of our Bosnian from the beginning of this story starting at the moment in which he experienced a strong coldness while meeting with solitude and impracticable. And this is the story on the unrealized values, outstanding terms, forgotten power and possibilities of their fulfillment. From myth to reality, from dream to actuality, through the story of an ordinary little man and the three pillars we shall come to our basic role of commitment and struggle for human rights and moral values. And these rules are forgotten and in most situations ascribed to others, but never to ourselves. Therefore we make mistakes even when we dream. If Europa had known that, she certainly would have never awakened from her dream. So let the story of a little man and the great country begins. “For all life is a dream, and dreams themselves are only dreams...” (Pedro Calderon de la Barca) | ||||
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DIOGEN pro culture magazine supports PLANS FOR 2014-2012 CULTURE ACTION EUROPE (The political platform for Arts and Culture)
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Copyright © 2014 DIOGEN pro cultura magazine & Sabahudin Hadžialić
Design: Sabi / Autors & Sabahudin Hadžialić. Design LOGO - Stevo Basara.
Freelance gl. i odg. urednik od / Freelance Editor in chief as of 2009: Sabahudin Hadžialić
All Rights Reserved. Publisher online and owner: Sabahudin Hadžialić
WWW: http://sabihadzi.weebly.com
Contact Editorial board E-mail: [email protected];
Narudžbe/Order: [email protected]
Pošta/Mail: Freelance Editor in chief Sabahudin Hadžialić,
Grbavička 32, 71000 Sarajevo i/ili
Dr. Wagner 18/II, 70230 Bugojno, Bosna i Hercegovina
Design: Sabi / Autors & Sabahudin Hadžialić. Design LOGO - Stevo Basara.
Freelance gl. i odg. urednik od / Freelance Editor in chief as of 2009: Sabahudin Hadžialić
All Rights Reserved. Publisher online and owner: Sabahudin Hadžialić
WWW: http://sabihadzi.weebly.com
Contact Editorial board E-mail: [email protected];
Narudžbe/Order: [email protected]
Pošta/Mail: Freelance Editor in chief Sabahudin Hadžialić,
Grbavička 32, 71000 Sarajevo i/ili
Dr. Wagner 18/II, 70230 Bugojno, Bosna i Hercegovina